The Effects of Prenatal and Perinatal Complications on Development at One Year of Age

Abstract

35 variables descriptive of birth and obstetric complications, prematurity, maternal discomfort, and demographic status were studied for a sample of 322 infants. Factor analyses of these variables resulted in 7 major factors that were used to predict developmental status at 1 year of age for 233 of the subjects. Factors identified as "prematurity," "delivery and related variables," "ethnicity," and "complications" made significant independent contributions to Cattell DQ at 1 year. When Cattell DQs were corrected for the effects of gestational age, only delivery and related variables remained critical, confirming the importance of this factor for later development.

Behavioral Hearing Assessment: Considerations for the Young Child with Developmental Disabilities

“…Premature infants have been shown to display significantly poorer performance on standardized measures of mental ability (Bayley Scales) when compared to full-term infants of the same postpartum age. 25,26 Moreover, Kopp 27 concluded that the quality and quantity of cognitive exploration, which preterm infants engage in less when compared with full-term infants, also may account for reduced motor development.…”

Auditory Responsiveness of Premature Infants Utilizing Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA)

“…Premature infants have been shown to display significantly poorer performance on standardized measures of mental ability (Bayley Scales) when compared to fullterm infants of the same postpartum age (Goldstein, Caputo, & Taub, 1976;Rubin, Rosenblith, & Balow, 1973). Although the differences tend to lessen when the groups are matched on conceptional age, they are nonetheless evident during the first year of life (Bakeman & Brown, 1980;Hunt & Rhodes, 1977;Parmelee & Schulte, 1970).…”

“…Kopp ( 1974) concluded that the quality and quantity of cognitive exploration, of which preterm infants do less when compared to full-term infants, may account for reduced motor development. Rubin, Rosenblith, and'Balow (1973) and Goldstein, Caputo, and Taub (1976) reported that preterm infants have mental delays that result in less motorical exploration when compared to full-term infants.…”

Developmental Study of Social Behavior in Twin Infants

“…This is the finding which suggests that the qualitative modification of infant behaviors occurs earlier than we expected (c.f. Goldstein, Caputo, & Taub, 1976).…”

“…Firstly, perinatal risks such as low birth weight, asphysia etc. impair the infant's capacities over the first year of life (see review by Kopp & Parmelee, 1979;Goldstein, Caputo, & Taub, 1976). Sameroff (1979), however, stressed that a perinatal factor would not always work alone to produce direct, definite and irreversible influences on later development.…”