The Effects of Pregnancy Planning Status on Birth Outcomes and Infant Care

Kost, Kathryn; Landry, David; Darroch, Jacqueline E.

doi:10.2307/2991608

Cited by 140 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…with increased risks of poor maternal and fetal outcomes and this is reason enough to discuss family and pregnancy planning [19]. In the setting of HIV care, it is imperative that issues related to antiretroviral and other drugs that could be teratogenic and the risk of horizontal transmission to an uninfected sexual partner are discussed, considering the high rate of unintended pregnancies in this population [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of unintended pregnancies in HIV‐positive women of reproductive age in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective study

et al. 2011

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There is speculation, but there are few data, on the high rates of unintended pregnancies in HIV-positive women. We investigated rates and correlates of unintended pregnancies among HIV-positive women of reproductive age. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with recruitment stratified to match the geographical distribution of HIV-positive women of reproductive age (18-52 years) living in Ontario, Canada. Women, recruited from 38 sites between October 2007 and April 2009, were invited to complete a 189-item self-administered survey. This analysis focused on questions relating to pregnancy and whether the last pregnancy was intended. Logistic regression models were fitted to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of correlates of unintended pregnancies occurring after HIV diagnosis. Happiness with unintended pregnancies was also assessed. ResultsThe median age at the time of the survey of the 416 participating HIV-positive women who were previously pregnant (53% before and 47% after HIV diagnosis) was 38 years [interquartile range (IQR) 33-44 years] and their last pregnancy was a median of 8 years (IQR 3-14 years) prior to the survey (n 5 283). Fifty-nine per cent were born outside Canada and 47% were of African ethnicity. Of the 416, 56% [95% confidence interval (CI) 51-61%] identified that their last pregnancy was unintended (57% before and 54% after HIV diagnosis). In the multivariable model, significant correlates of unintended pregnancy after HIV diagnosis were: marital status (P 5 0.01) and never having given birth (P 5 0.01). Women were less happy if their pregnancy was unintended (Po0.01). ConclusionsThe prevalence of unintended pregnancy was high in this cohort. Pregnancy planning programmes are needed for this population to decrease fetal and maternal complications and reduce vertical and horizontal transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of unintended pregnancies in HIV‐positive women of reproductive age in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective study

et al. 2011

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“…The large majority of the research focused on unintended pregnancies has attempted to document the effects of pregnancy intention on the health and development of infants and children-with poorer comparative outcomes found among children resulting from unintended pregnancies. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The literature exploring the effect on the well-being of women who continue these unintended pregnancies to term is comparatively thin. Gipson et al highlighted the "scarcity of studies on the effects of unintended pregnancy on the physical and mental health of men and women."…”

Section: Unintended Pregnancies and Maternal Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Unintended Pregnancies for Mental Health in Later Life

et al. 2016

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Despite decades of research on unintended pregnancies, we know little about the health implications for the women who experience them. Moreover, no study has examined the implications for women whose pregnancies occurred before Roe v. Wade was decided-nor whether the mental health consequences of these unintended pregnancies continue into later life. Using the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, a 60-year ongoing survey, we examined associations between unwanted and mistimed pregnancies and mental health in later life, controlling for factors such as early life socioeconomic conditions, adolescent IQ, and personality. We found that in this cohort of mostly married and White women, who completed their pregnancies before the legalization of abortion, unwanted pregnancies were strongly associated with poorer mental health outcomes in later life. (Am J Public Health. 2016;106:421-429. doi: 10.2105106:421-429. doi: 10. /AJPH.2015 B ecause of its prevalence, potential consequences, and political salience, unintended pregnancy has been a source of significant research and policy concern for decades. Current estimates indicate that half (51%) of all US pregnancies are unintended, 1 and North America is the only region of the world in which rates have not declined in the past decade.2 Strikingly, however, although a robust literature documents the well-being repercussions for women who terminate pregnancies, as well as the consequences for the well-being of children who result from unplanned pregnancies, we know relatively little about the ramifications for the wellbeing of women who continue unplanned pregnancies to term. Having a child and raising that child are key events in the life course. What are the long-term mental health implications for mothers who bear children resulting from unplanned pregnancies? Furthermore, do these implications differ according to whether the pregnancy was simply mistimed or unwanted altogether?We addressed 2 key limitations of the research. First, the few previous investigations of pregnancy intention and mental health have focused on births that occurred after Roe v. Wade (1973). Because 40% of unintended pregnancies are terminated, 1 women who carried these children to term after Roe v. Wade are different-and potentially different in ways that confound the relationship between unintended pregnancies and mental health outcomes.Second, the studies have focused on the link between unintended pregnancies and mothers' mental health outcomes only when the children that resulted from these pregnancies were relatively young. We don't know if this influence on mental health is sustained into midlife. A large body of life course research shows how early life course experiences, such as poverty and family conflict, have independent and long-ranging effects on mental health in mid and later life.3-7 More generally, we do know that children influence parental outcomes long after they become adults. 8 Consequently, having and raising a child of an unwanted pregnancy may result in similar long-lasting e...

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“…Após leitura minuciosa dos resumos, selecionaram-se 10 artigos que discorriam sobre gravidez indesejada e amamentação. Em seguida, excluíram-se os estudos que se repetiam, restando seis (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) , os quais foram analisados na íntegra (Figura 1).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified