The Effects of Preemptive Tramadol and Dexmedetomidine on Shivering During Arthroscopy

Abstract

Background:Shivering, the rate of which in regional anesthesia is 39% is an undesired complication seen postoperatively.Aims:This study aims to compare the ability of preventing the shivering of preemptive tramadol and dexmedetomidine during the spinal anesthesia (SA).Methods:A total of 90 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, aged 18-60 years and undergoing elective arthroscopic surgery with SA were divided into three groups randomly. After spinal block, 100 mg tramadol in 100 ml saline was applied in group T- (n = 30) and 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 100 ml saline was applied in group D- (n = 30) and 100 ml saline was administered in group P- (n = 30) in 10 min. The hemodynamics, oxygen saturation, tympanic temperature, shivering and sedation scores were evaluated and recorded intraoperatively and 45 min after a postoperative period.Results:In group T and D, shivering scores were significantly lower when compared with group P in the intraoperative 20th min (P = 0.01). Sedation scores in group D were significantly higher than the baseline values (P = 0.03) and values in group T and P (P = 0.04).Conclusions:Preemptive tramadol and dexmedetomidine are effective in preventing the shivering under SA. In addition, dexmedetomidine was superior in increasing the level of sedation which is sufficient to prevent the anxiety without any adverse effects.

Dexmedetomidine as a neuraxial adjuvant for prevention of perioperative shivering: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…These findings were similar to previous numerous studies [50, 51]. Subgroup analysis of different routes of dexmedetomidine administration confirmed the conclusions, except onset of sensory block and duration of motor block due to the limited trials.…”

Comparison of prophylactic use of ketamine, tramadol, and dexmedetomidine for prevention of shivering after spinal anesthesia

“…Dexmedetomidine also provided sedation which is sufficient to prevent the anxiety without any adverse effects. [ 21 ] Usta et al . reported effective prevention of shivering and adequate sedation with the use of dexmedetomidine infusion in patients during spinal anesthesia.…”

The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Prescription on Shivering during Operation in the Spinal Anesthesia Procedures of Selective Orthopedic Surgery of the Lower Limb in Addicted Patients

“…Therefore, considering the probable occurrence of these complications, alternative drugs have always been considered for the prevention and treatment of postoperative shivering. In recent studies, the effect of dexmedetomidine on shivering has been continued to study and studies in this area ( 7 - 9 ). Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, is a relatively new sedative drug approved by the FDA and approved for use up to a maximum of 24 hours at a maximum dose of 0.7 μg per kg body weight per minute.…”