The effects of postnatal exposure of endocrine disruptors on testicular function: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

Bliatka, Despoina; Nigdelis, Meletios P.; Chatzimeletiou, Katerina; Mastorakos, George; Lymperi, Stefania; Goulis, Dimitrios G.

doi:10.1007/s42000-019-00170-0

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The modern lifestyle may also predispose men to increased sperm DNA fragmentation [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, an unhealthy diet leading to obesity which can, in turn, be linked to diabetes, a lack of exercise, exposure to environmental pollutants, an elevated testicular temperature from computers/laptops, hot tubs, and tight-fitting underwear are all contributing factors [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Sperm with fragmented DNA look normal in morphology, are motile and viable, and can successfully fertilize oocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Using Two Different Methods: TUNEL via Fluorescence Microscopy, and Flow Cytometry

Chatzimeletiou,

Fleva,

Nikolopoulos

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Sperm DNA fragmentation refers to any break in one or both of the strands of DNA in the head of a sperm. The most widely used methodologies for assessing sperm DNA fragmentation are the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), the sperm chromatin dispersion assay (SCD), the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE–comet), and the terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and sensitivity of the analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation using TUNEL via fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. Materials and Methods: Semen samples were collected and analyzed for standard characteristics using light microscopy, and for sperm DNA fragmentation using both TUNEL via fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. Results: There were no significant differences in the values of the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) obtained when the analysis was performed using TUNEL or flow cytometry (p = 0.543). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between sperm motility (%) and sperm DNA fragmentation (p < 0.01), as well as between sperm concentration and sperm DNA fragmentation (p < 0.05). The Mann–Whitney U test showed no significant difference in the DFI among couples with repeated implantation failure (RIF) and miscarriages (p = 0.352). Conclusions: Both methods (TUNEL via fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry) have a high efficiency and sensitivity in accurately detecting sperm DNA fragmentation, and can be effectively used to assess male fertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One in six couples is affected by infertility and, in a third of these cases, the cause is of male origin [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The most common way to evaluate male fertility is standard semen analysis, according to the WHO guidelines [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Using Two Different Methods: TUNEL via Fluorescence Microscopy, and Flow Cytometry

Chatzimeletiou,

Fleva,

Nikolopoulos

et al. 2023

Medicina

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“…It is noteworthy that postnatal exposure to EDCs was correlated with semen quality and hormonal status reduction, which is inconsistent with the results of LH assessment in our study. [ 57 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol-S influence on oxidative stress and endocrine biomarkers of reproductive system: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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Background: Bisphenol-S (BPS), as a new human public health concern, was introduced to the plastic industry by BPA-free labeled products following the restrictions of Bisphenol-A (BPA) as a safe alternative. However, recent research has revealed a controversial issue. In this regard, the present study aimed to review the relationship between BPS exposure and reproductive system dis/malfunction. Methods: PubMed and other databases were searched up to January 2021. The standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the main parameters using the random-effects model. Finally, 12 studies with 420 subjects were included in this research. Forest plot, meta-regression, and non-linear dose-response effect were calculated for each parameter by random-effects model. Results: Based on the results of in vitro assessment, a significant increase was found in the oxidative stress parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SMD: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.321, 0.939), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (SMD: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.423, 1.096), and reactive oxygen species (SMD: 0.484, 95% CI: 0.132, 0.835). In addition, the hormonal assessment revealed a significant decrease in male testosterone concertation (SMD: -0.476, 95% CI: -0.881, -0.071). Moreover, in vivo examination revealed a significant decrease in hormonal parameters, such as female testosterone (SMD: -0.808, 95% CI: -1.149, -0.467), female estrogen (SMD: -2.608, 95% CI: -4.588, -0.628), female luteinizing hormone (SMD: -0.386, 95% CI: -0.682, -0.089), and female follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (SMD: -0.418, 95% CI: -0.716, -0.119). Besides, linear and non-linear correlations were detected in the main parameters. Conclusion: In conclusion, based on the current meta-analysis, BPS was suggested to be toxic for the reproductive system, similar to the other bisphenols. Moreover, a possible correlation was indicated between oxidative and hormonal status disruption induced by BPS in male and female reproductive systems dis/malfunction.

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“…On the other hand, discrepancies among human studies result from the possible synergistic effect of other endocrine-disrupting pesticides, compounds, or environmental factors, as well as from the genetic variability of the populations studied. Many in vitro and in vivo animal studies have highlighted the mechanisms of the action of EDCs on the reproductive system by indicating their toxic effects, such as the alteration of the anogenital distance at birth (a biomarker of intrauterine androgen exposure) [80], disruption at the time of puberty onset and progression, reduced fertility during reproductive life [81], negative pregnancy outcomes [82], and an increased incidence of reproductive tract disorders and malignancies [83]. Such mechanisms include: (a) The binding to sex steroid hormone receptors (androgen receptor AR and estrogen receptor ER), resulting in an agonistic or antagonistic (to the corresponding hormone) action, depending on whether they activate or inactivate the hormonal response; (b) The inhibition or stimulation of the enzymic action of key steroidogenic enzymes, such as aromatase or 5α-reductase; (c) The binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), resulting in the disrupted regulation of genes involved in reproductive processes, such as estradiol production; (d) Epigenetic alterations, such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, or the production of noncoding RNAs, which change gene expression in an heritable manner without altering the DNA sequence; (e) Disruption of the hypothalamic or pituitary functions, resulting in changes in the GnRH and gonadotropin pulsatile secretions; (f) An imbalance between antioxidants and pro-oxidant molecules, resulting in the increased production of pro-oxidant molecules, thus negatively affecting puberty progression, the quality of gametocytes, and pregnancy outcome; (g) Disruption of the cell cycle progression, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation or apoptosis [84,85].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Endocrine-disrupting Action Of Pesticides In Puberty Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on Puberty of Nutrition-Mediated Endocrine Disruptors Employed in Agriculture

et al. 2021

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Pesticide residues are largely found in daily consumed food because of their extensive use in farming and their long half-life, which prolongs their presence in the environment. Many of these pesticides act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals after pre- or postnatal exposure, significantly affecting, among other things, the time of puberty onset, progression, and completion. In humans, precocious or delayed puberty, and early or delayed sexual maturation, may entail several negative long-term health implications. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the impact of endocrine-disrupting pesticides upon the timing of the landmarks of female and male puberty in both animals (vaginal opening, first estrus, and balanopreputial separation) and humans (thelarche, menarche, gonadarche). Moreover, we explore the possible mechanisms of action of the reviewed endocrine-disrupting pesticides on the human reproductive system. Access to safe, healthy, and nutritious food is fundamental for the maintenance of health and wellbeing. Eliminating the presence of hazardous chemicals in largely consumed food products may increase their nutritional value and be proven beneficial for overall health. Consequently, understanding the effects of human exposure to hazardous endocrine-disrupting pesticides, and legislating against their circulation, are of major importance for the protection of health in vulnerable populations, such as children and adolescents.

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The effects of postnatal exposure of endocrine disruptors on testicular function: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Using Two Different Methods: TUNEL via Fluorescence Microscopy, and Flow Cytometry

Evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Using Two Different Methods: TUNEL via Fluorescence Microscopy, and Flow Cytometry

Bisphenol-S influence on oxidative stress and endocrine biomarkers of reproductive system: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects on Puberty of Nutrition-Mediated Endocrine Disruptors Employed in Agriculture

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