The Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Antagonism in Experimental Glomerulonephritis Are Independent of the Transforming Growth Factor–β System

Ostendorf, Tammo; Kunter, Uta; Roeyen, Claudia van; Dooley, Steven; Janjić, Nebojša; Ruckman, Judy; Eitner, Frank; Floege, Jürgen

doi:10.1681/asn.v133658

Cited by 45 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…By utilizing the PDGF-B aptamer, they were able to demonstrate that both pathways are not interconnected in experimental glomerulonephritis. 126 The same aptamer was recently employed to elucidate whether PDGF-B is involved in the expression of Ets-1, a key factor in neoangiogenesis 309 and the contribution of PDFG-B and its receptors to persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN). 310 The aptamer was able to significantly suppress some of the abnormalities caused by PPHN, suggesting that PDGF-signaling contributes to the structural vascular remodeling that takes place during the syndrome.…”

Section: Aptamers In Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also feasible to use aptamers directly as drugs. The therapeutic application of aptamers was discussed in several previous reviews, ,,− and the past years have seen many potential applications of aptamers as therapeutic agents in model systems. ,,− Except for the anti-VEGF aptamer-based drug Pegaptanib sodium or Macugenwhich has completed clinical phase III trials and was approved in 2004 by the FDAno aptamer-based drug has appeared on the market since the discovery of aptamers in 1990. However, during the past few years, considerable progress was made regarding the pharmacology and toxicology of aptamers .…”

Section: 2 Aptamers As Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a further study, Floege and co-workers investigated the interaction of PDGF-B and transforming growth factor (TGF-β)-related pathways in renal diseases. By utilizing the PDGF-B aptamer, they were able to demonstrate that both pathways are not interconnected in experimental glomerulonephritis …”

Section: 3 Aptamers In Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Aptamers and Aptazymes in Biotechnology, Diagnostics, and Therapy

2007

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Introduction 3715 2. Aptamers 3717 2.1. Aptamers as Protein Detecting Reagents 3717 2.1.1. Aptamers in Standard Diagnostic Assays 3718 2.1.2. Aptamers as Capture Ligands 3719 2.2. Aptamers as Therapeutics 3720 3. Intramers 3724 3.1. Applications of Aptamers in Vivo 3724 3.1.1. Intracellular Expression 3724 3.1.2. Optimization Studies for in Vivo Applications 3726 3.2. Aptamers as Antiviral Agents 3726 3.3. Aptamers in Animal Models 3728 3.4. Aptamers as Delivery Molecules 3729 4. Allosteric Ribozymes and Riboswitches 3729 4.1. Aptamers and Aptazymes as Molecular Switches 3729 4.1.1. Aptazymes Based on the Hammerhead Ribozyme (HHR) 3730 4.1.2. Aptazymes Based on the Hairpin Ribozyme 3732 4.1.3. Aptazymes Based on Ligase Ribozymes 3733 4.1.4. Aptazymes Based on the Diels−Alderase Ribozyme 3734 4.2. Riboswitches: Natural Regulatory Aptamers 3734 4.3. Artificial Riboswitches 3735 4.4. Natural versus in Vitro Selected Aptamers 3735 5. Conclusion 3736 6. Acknowledgments 3737 7. References 3737

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Section: Aptamers In Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2 Aptamers As Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Aptamers and Aptazymes in Biotechnology, Diagnostics, and Therapy

2007

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Nucleic Acid Aptamers as Tools and Drugs: Recent Developments

Rimmele¹

2003

ChemBioChem

145

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Nucleic acid aptamers are molecules that bind to their ligands with high affinity and specificity. Unlike other functional nucleic acids such as antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes, or siRNAs, aptamers almost never exert their effects on the genetic level. They manipulate their target molecules such as gene products or epitopes directly and site specifically, leaving nontargeted protein functions intact. In a similar way to antibodies, aptamers bind to many different kinds of target molecules with high specificity and can be made to order, but as a result of their different biochemical nature and size they can also be used complementary to antibodies. In some cases, aptamers might be more suitable or more specific than antibody approaches or small molecules, both as scientific and biotechnological tools and as therapeutic agents. Recent examples of characterization of aptamers as tools for scientific research to study regulatory circuits, as tools in diagnostic or biosensor development, and as therapeutic agents are discussed.

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Cell‐Specific Internalization Study of an Aptamer from Whole Cell Selection

Xiao

Shangguan

Cao

et al. 2008

Chemistry A European J

227

177

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Nucleic acid aptamers have been shown many unique applications as excellent probes in molecular recognition. However, few examples are reported which show that aptamers can be internalized inside living cells for aptamer functional studies and for targeted intracellular delivery. This is mainly due to the limited number of aptamers available for cell-specific recognition, and the lack of research on their extra- and intracellular functions. One of the major difficulties in aptamers' in vivo application is that most of aptamers, unlike small molecules, cannot be directly taken up by cells without external assistance. In this work, we have studied a newly developed and cell-specific DNA aptamer, sgc8. This aptamer has been selected through a novel cell selection process (cell-SELEX), in which whole intact cells are used as targets while another related cell line is used as a negative control. The cell-SELEX enables generation of multiple aptamers for molecular recognition of the target cells and has significant advantages in discovering cell surface binding molecules for the selected aptamers. We have studied the cellular internalization of one of the selected aptamers. Our results show that sgc8 is internalized efficiently and specifically to the lymphoblastic leukemia cells. The internalized sgc8 aptamers are located inside the endosome. Comparison studies are done with the antibody for the binding protein of sgc8, PTK7 (Human protein tyrosine kinase-7) on cell surface. We also studied the internalization kinetics of both the aptamer and the antibody for the same protein on the living cell surface. We have further evaluated the effects of sgc8 on cell viability, and no cytotoxicity is observed. This study indicates that sgc8 is a promising agent for cell-type specific intracellular delivery.

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The Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Antagonism in Experimental Glomerulonephritis Are Independent of the Transforming Growth Factor–β System

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Functional Aptamers and Aptazymes in Biotechnology, Diagnostics, and Therapy

Functional Aptamers and Aptazymes in Biotechnology, Diagnostics, and Therapy

Nucleic Acid Aptamers as Tools and Drugs: Recent Developments

Cell‐Specific Internalization Study of an Aptamer from Whole Cell Selection

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