The effects of physical activity on cancer prevention, treatment and prognosis: A review of the literature

Lugo, Diego; Pulido, Alma L.; Mihos, Christos G.; Issa, Omar; Cusnir, Mike; Horvath, Sofia A.; Lin, Jen‐Wei; Santana, Orlando

doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.013

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These findings add to current literature that suggests cancer survivors with greater physical activity participation experience better survival, although specific estimates among endometrial cancer survivors are limited. 19,123 Arem and colleagues previously reported an association between pre-diagnosis recreational moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and lower overall 5-year mortality, but not 10-year mortality, endometrial cancer-specific mortality or all-cause mortality in the Women's Health Initiative 59 Multivariable models adjusted for stage (I/missing, II, III/IV), grade (I/II, III, missing), primary treatment(s) (hysterectomy, hysterectomy/chemotherapy, hysterectomy/radiation, hysterectomy/chemotherapy/ radiation and/or hormone therapy, missing treatment), baseline age (years), non-linear age (age 2 ) and continuous BMI (kg/m 2 ). Disease-free survival model additionally adjusted for time to first new primary cancer; Overall survival additionally adjusted for time to first new primary cancer/recurrence; Endometrial cancer-specific survival additionally adjusted for time to first recurrence.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Specific survival estimates with physical activity among endometrial cancer survivors are limited. 19,123 In the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, Arem and colleagues 60 previously reported endometrial cancer survivors with higher prediagnosis recreational moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity had better five-year overall survival, but not ten-year overall survival or endometrial specific-survival. The authors also investigated the association between pre-diagnosis physical activity and survival among endometrial cancer survivors in the Women's Health Initiative, although no associations were observed with overall and endometrial cancer-specific survival outcomes.…”

Section: Physical Activity Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospective cohort study of metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survival

Kokts-Porietis

McNeil

Nelson

et al. 2020

Gynecologic Oncology

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Background: Metabolic syndrome has been previously associated with increased endometrial cancer risk, but the relationship with metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survival remains unclear. Objectives: To determine the associations between metabolic syndrome using the harmonized criteria with disease-free survival, overall survival, endometrial cancer-specific survival and time to recurrence among endometrial cancer survivors. Second, to determine the association between the number of metabolic syndrome components as well as each individual metabolic syndrome component with these prognostic outcomes. Methods: A prospective cohort of 540 endometrial cancer survivors diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 participated in the Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort and were followed until death or March 20, 2019. Baseline in-person interviews, direct anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples were used to assess metabolic syndrome. Recurrence and survival data were obtained via medical chart abstraction and vital status updates. Results: Compared to endometrial cancer survivors without metabolic syndrome, survivors with metabolic syndrome had worse overall survival when assessed with the harmonized criteria. Of the individual metabolic syndrome components, only waist circumference was associated with recurrence and survival outcomes. Lifetime recreational physical activity prior to diagnosis was observed to modify the associations between metabolic syndrome and its components with overall survival and disease-free survival. Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome, especially waist circumference, was associated with worse overall and disease-free survival among endometrial cancer survivors. Future research should aim to confirm these results and improve our understanding of the role lifestyle factors iii such as physical activity have in the association between metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survivors' prognosis. iv Preface Chapter Four includes the main manuscript from this thesis which addresses the association between metabolic syndrome and its components defined by harmonized criteria with disease-free survival, overall survival, endometrial cancer-specific survival and recurrence among endometrial cancer survivors from the Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study. For this manuscript Renee Kokts-Porietis led the formal analysis and interpretation of data, as well as drafting, writing, reviewing and editing of the manuscript. All authors were involved in conceptualization and provided critical review of this manuscript. Kerry Courneya, Linda Cook and Christine Friedenreich were involved in the funding acquisition, methodology, investigation and project administration of the larger project. Finally, Jessica McNeil, Gregg Nelson and Christine Friedenreich provided supervision and guidance to Renee Kokts-Porietis at each stage of the project.

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Activity Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective cohort study of metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survival

Kokts-Porietis

McNeil

Nelson

et al. 2020

Gynecologic Oncology

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“…Moreover, physical activity affects the metabolic profile of estrogens which results in reduced hormonal activity and increased anti-proliferative properties in cancer cells 89 . Regular physical activity is associated with a lower risk of most common malignancies, including lung, breast, hepatobiliary tract, endometrial, colon, oropharyngeal, kidney, and bladder cancers [89][90][91] . For example, physically active men and women were found to have about a 30%-40% reduction in the relative risk of developing colon cancer compared to their inactive peers.…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, weight status, and physical activity in cancer prevention

Mehdad

Mansour

Ashayeri

et al. 2020

Nor. Afr. J. Food Nutr. Res.

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Background: Cancer is a multifactorial disease involving individual, behavioral and environmental factors that can contribute to its onset. More than 40% of cancers are estimated to be attributable to avoidable risk factors, particularly diet, physical activity, weight status, and alcohol consumption. Aim: To provide insight into the role of weight status, diet, and physical activity in cancer causation and prevention, and to highlight evidence-based recommendations. Material and methods: A literature review of published studies, particularly recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and large prospective studies was conducted using PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. Results: There is evidence that diets high in red and processed meats, fat and refined carbohydrates, and low in plant foods such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, high consumption of alcohol, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity are associated with increased risk of tumor development and progression. Therefore, the current recommendations for cancer prevention are based on: (1) eating at least five portions (400g) of vegetables (3 portions) and fruits (2 portions); (2) limiting the consumption of alcohol and unhealthy foods such as red and processed meats, energy-dense foods, and trans-fatty acids; (3) maintaining a healthy weight status; and (4) being at least moderately physically active. Conclusion: While a balanced diet, as defined by the recommendations, can help reduce the risk of certain cancers, no single food can prevent the development of this pathology. The term "anticancer" associated with diet is therefore misleading. Several nutritional factors are associated with an increase or a decrease in the risk of certain cancers. Adopting a healthy and plant-based diets, avoiding overweight/obesity, and being physically active are considered as cornerstones of preventive strategies against cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate the associations between dietary and lifestyle patterns and cancer. Keywords: Cancer, Diet, Weight status, Overweight, Obesity, Physical activity.

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“…Physical activity is an important prognosis factor [9] in the outcome of cancer patients. Monitoring the incentive to physical activity can help improve QoL and survival prognosis of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Secure Occupational Therapy Framework for Monitoring Cancer Patients’ Quality of Life

Rahman

Rashid

Kernec

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Once diagnosed with cancer, a patient goes through a series of diagnosis and tests, which are referred to as “after cancer treatment”. Due to the nature of the treatment and side effects, maintaining quality of life (QoL) in the home environment is a challenging task. Sometimes, a cancer patient’s situation changes abruptly as the functionality of certain organs deteriorates, which affects their QoL. One way of knowing the physiological functional status of a cancer patient is to design an occupational therapy. In this paper, we propose a blockchain and off-chain-based framework, which will allow multiple medical and ambient intelligent Internet of Things sensors to capture the QoL information from one’s home environment and securely share it with their community of interest. Using our proposed framework, both transactional records and multimedia big data can be shared with an oncologist or palliative care unit for real-time decision support. We have also developed blockchain-based data analytics, which will allow a clinician to visualize the immutable history of the patient’s data available from an in-home secure monitoring system for a better understanding of a patient’s current or historical states. Finally, we will present our current implementation status, which provides significant encouragement for further development.

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The effects of physical activity on cancer prevention, treatment and prognosis: A review of the literature

Cited by 52 publications

References 41 publications

Prospective cohort study of metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survival

Prospective cohort study of metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survival

Diet, weight status, and physical activity in cancer prevention

A Secure Occupational Therapy Framework for Monitoring Cancer Patients’ Quality of Life

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