The effects of perceived competence and self-controlled goal setting on motor learning

Abstract

Purpose. On the basis of the assumptions that motor learning involves a process in which the learner gains competence on a task, and perceived competence is closely related to the achievement of a goal and the perception of control, this study investigated the effects of perceived competence and self-controlled goal setting on motor learning. Methods. Sixty right-handed volunteers, both male (n = 28) and female (n = 32), with an average age of 26.35 years (± 6.29) took part in this experiment. the motor learning task was the field tennis forehand stroke. the experiment involved 2 phases: acquisition and transfer. the acquisition phase consisted of 180 trials performed across 3 days. the transfer test comprised 10 trials under a modified ball flight velocity condition. the participants were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of perceived competence (high, moderate, and low). Furthermore, each group was subdivided into choice (self-controlled goal setting) and yoked groups. Results. Performance of the high perceived competence group was superior to that in the low perceived competence group; there was no significant increase in the perception of competence in both groups. Learning was similar for self-controlled and yoked groups. Conclusions. the findings allow us to conclude that the higher the perceived competence, the better the performance in the acquisition and transfer. Moreover, the control on goal setting did not provide an additional positive effect on motor skill learning in individuals of different levels of perceived competence.

Goal difficulty level and perceived competence on volleyball serve learning

“…Finally, previous studies showed improved success perception when learning involved lower difficulty goals (Ong, Hawke & Hodges, 2019) and even better learning than difficult goals (Iwatsuki & Regis, 2020). However, Carvalhais et al (2021) showed that learning is better when perceived competence is high. Our results show that perceived sports competence mediates learning sports motor skills with higher difficulty goals.…”

“…Moreover, perceived competence and goalsetting difficulty have been investigated in recent years. Studies have suggested that less difficult goals improve success perception but do not differentiate learning (Iwatsuki & Regis, 2020) and that higher perceived competency is better for learning (Carvalhais, Silva, Tani & Corrêa, 2021). In addition, the studies did not investigate whether the perception of competence is a mediator of learning.…”

“…Perceived sports competence means something that leads the individual to the search for competence and the satisfaction gained with the feeling of efficacy when the goal is reached (White, 1959). In addition to this concept, studies on the perception of competence have been the assumption of feelings of competence as an important motivational aspect that affects learning (Carvalhais et al, 2021). In fact, perceived competence can influence more the motivation for learning than actual competence (Barnett et al, 2008).…”

“…However, motor learning is a phenomenon still little investigated with regard to perceived competence (Carvalhais et al, 2021;Iwatsuki & Regis, 2020). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the goal difficulty level on volleyball serve learning and whether perceived sports competence is a covariate in this process.…”

Effect of boteli and frequency modification exercise in improving groundstroke forehand really skills in tennis

“…Effect of boteli and frequency modification exercise in improving groundstroke forehand really skills in tennis 276 points are earned through groundstroke rallies, so this technique becomes the most important hit and a key factor in the game's success (Fett et al, 2021). There are so many basic techniques in the game of tennis, but one of the most important basic techniques that tennis athletes must master is groundstroke because, in a game, the method of hitting is most often done by players (De Almeida Carvalhais et al, 2021). Not only can you do this, but a player must have good hitting accuracy in order to get points and win the game.…”