The effects of Parkinson's disease on the capacity to generate information randomly

Robertson, Colin; Hazlewood, R.; Rawson, Megan

doi:10.1016/0028-3932(96)00031-0

Cited by 50 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The current data are therefore in line with a number of behavioural studies (Baddeley, 1966;Robertson et al, 1996). This is further corroborated by the ERP pattern to the target stimuli.…”

Section: Attentional Demandssupporting

confidence: 91%

Brain potentials index executive functions during random number generation

Joppich

Däuper

Dengler

et al. 2004

Neuroscience Research

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The generation of random sequences is considered to tax different executive functions. To explore the involvement of these functions further, brain potentials were recorded in 16 healthy young adults while either engaging in random number generation (RNG) by pressing the number keys on a computer keyboard in a random sequence or in ordered number generation (ONG) necessitating key presses in the canonical order. Key presses were paced by an external auditory stimulus to yield either fast (1 press/800 ms) or slow (1 press/1300 ms) sequences in separate runs. Attentional demands of random and ordered tasks were assessed by the introduction of a secondary task (key-press to a target tone). The P3 amplitude to the target tone of this secondary task was reduced during RNG, reflecting the greater consumption of attentional resources during RNG. Moreover, RNG led to a left frontal negativity peaking 140 ms after the onset of the pacing stimulus, whenever the subjects produced a true random response. This negativity could be attributed to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and was absent when numbers were repeated. This negativity was interpreted as an index for the inhibition of habitual responses. Finally, in response locked ERPs a negative component was apparent peaking about 50 ms after the key-press that was more prominent during RNG. Source localization suggested a medial frontal source. This effect was tentatively interpreted as a reflection of the greater monitoring demands during random sequence generation.

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“…The current data are therefore in line with a number of behavioural studies (Baddeley, 1966;Robertson et al, 1996). This is further corroborated by the ERP pattern to the target stimuli.…”

Section: Attentional Demandssupporting

confidence: 91%

Brain potentials index executive functions during random number generation

Joppich

Däuper

Dengler

et al. 2004

Neuroscience Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research using positron emission tomography (Deiber et al, 1991;Frith et al, 1991) has demonstrated the important role of the prefrontal cortex in such tasks. While research with patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (Brugger et al, 1996;), Parkinson's disease (Brown and Marsden, 1991;Robertson et al, 1996) and with frontal lesions (Spatt and Goldenburg, 1993) also shows a major role for the prefrontal cortex in such tasks. The consensus of opinion is that random generation places great stress on the prefrontal cortex but also involves other parts of the brain (Brugger, 1997;Heuer et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Heat stress, plasma concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and cortisol, mood state and cognitive performance

McMorris

Swain

Smith

et al. 2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

186

117

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“…Participants were required to maintain basic driving performance while concurrently attempting to utilize advance information. Previous reports indicate people with PD have difficulty completing two tasks simultaneously, 34,35 and tend to sacrifice internally generated action in favor of externally cued tasks. 18,19 Here, participants with PD seemed to allocate cognitive resources to maintaining basic driving performance (externally guided) instead of using advance information to internally cue driving behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of internal versus external cueing on driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease

et al. 2005

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Numerous aspects of driving performance seem compromised in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Measures of cognitive impairment consistently correlate with poor driving simulator performance in this population; however, the effects of specific cognitive difficulties on discrete aspects of driving behavior have not been investigated thoroughly. Previous studies have demonstrated that people with PD exhibit difficulties internally cueing cognitive processes. This study examined the impact of impaired internal cueing on specific driving behaviors. A simulator measured the driving behavior of 18 current drivers in the mild-to-moderate stages of PD and 18 matched controls. Participants navigated through different driving conditions where the opportunity to use internal and external cues was manipulated. People with PD exhibited difficulties using internal cues to regulate driving behavior around traffic signals and curves. Instead of using internal cues, participants with PD were more reliant on external cues to regulate driving behavior. They were also less able to adapt their driving behavior to suit driving conditions. Because all participants with PD were current drivers in the mild-to-moderate stages of the disease, findings challenge the widely-held assumption that cognitive difficulties only impact on driving performance in the moderate-to-severe stages of PD.

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The effects of Parkinson's disease on the capacity to generate information randomly

Cited by 50 publications

References 39 publications

Brain potentials index executive functions during random number generation

Brain potentials index executive functions during random number generation

Heat stress, plasma concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and cortisol, mood state and cognitive performance

Impact of internal versus external cueing on driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease

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