The Effects of Parasitism By the Rhizocephalan, Briarosaccus Callosus Boschma On the Lithodid Crab, Paralomis Granulosa (Jacquinot) in the Falkland Islands

The effects of parasitism by the barnacle Loxothylacus panopaei (Gissler) (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala) on growth and survival of the host crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould) (Brachyura: Xanthidae)

“…However, the crabs that do develop an externa generally survive for many months in the laboratory (Alvarez, 1993). Although it has not been formally quantified, similar observations of high survival of parasitized crabs have been made for other species parasitized by rhizocephalans (Foxon, 1940;O'Brien, 1984;Lutzen, 1987;Hoggarth, 1990). This may occur because only the most fit hosts survived the initial stages of infection, particularly in species where infection can occur in very small hosts.…”

“…In most host species, rhizocephalans are found on hosts of intermediate size (Daugherty, 1969;O'Brien & Van Wyk, 1984, Hoggarth, 1990Wardle & Tirpak, 1991), indicating that infection may occur exclusively in juvenile individuals. The pattern of reduced size in hosts has attracted considerable interest because of its effect in commercial fisheries species (Bishop & Cannon, 1979;Sloan, 1984;Weng, 1987) and because other allometric changes (often considered to be hormonally based) may accompany stunted growth (Reinhard, 1950;Nielsen, 1970;Hochberg et ai., 1992).…”

Prevalences of parasitized and hyperparasitized crabs near South Georgia

“…Briarosaccus callosus parasitizes at least 12 species of lithodid crabs (Boschma 1962, Hoggarth 1990, Pohle 1992a, Hseg 1995, and the prevalence of this rhizocephalan varies both between and w~thin its host species. Between hosts, prevalence rates can vary from less than 1 % (e.g.…”

“…Between hosts, prevalence rates can vary from less than 1 % (e.g. Paralomis granulosa from the Falkland Islands in Hoggarth 1990) to more than 75 % (e.g. Paralithodes platypus from Glacier Bay, Alaska in Hawkes et al 198613).…”

Paralomis debodeorum, a new species of decapod crustacean from the Miocene of New Zealand: First notice of the Lithodidae in the fossil record

“…Subsequently, Dawson (1989) prepared an exhaustive bibliography of literature on Lithodidae and recognised 16 genera and 95 species. Work by Macpherson (1990Macpherson ( , 1994, among others, continues to increase the number of species and expands our understanding of the biology of the family (e.g., Hoggarth 1990;Pohle 1992). As commercial exploitation searches the deeper and more remote parts of the ocean for new resources, it is likely that still more species will be recognised.…”