The effects of organic protein supplementation upon growth, feed conversion and texture quality parameters of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

Lunger, Angela N.; McLean, E.; Craig, Steven R.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.12.012

Cited by 82 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The growth rate, thermal growth coefficient, and FCR were thus similar for all dietary treatment groups both when calculated based on the total feeding period of 57 days in the second experiment, and when calculated based on the 24 feeding days in the digestibility trial. These results are similar to findings for cobia (R. canadum), where Lunger et al (2007) showed that 40% of fish meal protein may be replaced by different organically certifiable, individually supplemented protein sources (yeast-derived protein, soybean meal, soybean isolate, or hemp seed meal) without negatively affecting performance. Lunger et al (2006) previously showed that a higher inclusion level of yeast-derived protein (50-100%) had detrimental effects on juvenile cobia performance as well as on various biological indices (muscle ratio, visceral somatic index, hepatosomatic index).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Lunger et al (2006) previously showed that a higher inclusion level of yeast-derived protein (50-100%) had detrimental effects on juvenile cobia performance as well as on various biological indices (muscle ratio, visceral somatic index, hepatosomatic index). Similarly, an equal blend of four alternative, organic protein sources replacing 92% of fish meal in a diet for juvenile cobia was shown to lead to poor performance and 53% lower survival rate compared to fish fed a fish meal control diet, and no fish survived 100% replacement of fish meal (Lunger et al, 2007). These results were attributed to a lack of essential amino acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…There thus appears to be a minimum metabolic requirement and concomitant excretion of phosphorus below the dietary breakpoint value (Dalsgaard and Pedersen, 2011), suggesting that fish fed available dietary phosphorus concentrations below the breakpoint value will be forced to utilize intrinsic phosphorous reserves. Furthermore, the amino acid requirement of the fish would almost certainly not be satisfied at this high inclusion level as observed by Lunger et al (2006Lunger et al ( , 2007 when replacing more than 40% fish meal protein with organic protein in feed for cobia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lunger et al (2006Lunger et al ( , 2007 found that up to 40% fish meal protein may be replaced by organically certifiable protein sources in feed for juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) without negatively affecting performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Replacement of fish meal with a matrix of organic plant proteins in organic trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feed, and the effects on nutrient utilization and fish performance

et al. 2011

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This study examined the effects on nutrient utilization and fish performance when replacing 16, 31, and 47% of fish meal protein (corresponding to replacing 15, 29 and 44%, respectively, of total dietary protein) with a fixed matrix of organic pea, horsebean and rapeseed plant protein concentrates (PPC) in a ratio of 1.07:1.00:0.66. Four iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were produced to include 0, 136, 274 or 410 g kg − 1 of the organic PPC matrix, respectively. The organic protein ingredients were chosen based on their high protein content, and the matrix was established to mirror the amino acid composition of fish meal. The plant ingredients were dried, dehulled, grinded and air classified in accordance with the European Union Commission Regulation on organic aquaculture production, increasing the protein concentrations up to 577 g kg − 1 dry matter. Two experiments were carried out using juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): 1) a digestibility study to examine the apparent digestibility of protein, lipid, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), total phosphorus and phytate-phosphorus, followed by a water sampling period to determine the output of nitrogen and phosphorus and enabling the setup of nitrogen and phosphorus mass-balances; and 2) a 57 day growth study including 3 growth periods each of 19 days and using pit-tagged fish. Substituting fish meal with organic PPC significantly increased the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein and lipid (P b 0.008) at the highest PPC inclusion level, while there was a significant (P b 0.044) decrease in the ADC of NFE with increasing PPC inclusion level. The apparent digestibility coefficient of phytate-phosphorus was significantly lower (P b 0.005) at the highest PPC inclusion level compared to the fish meal control diet. The mass-balances revealed a significant increase in the excretion of ammonium-nitrogen (NH 4 N, P b 0.017) at the two highest PPC inclusion levels and a decrease in phosphorus (P b 0.009) excretion at the highest organic PPC inclusion level. There was no overall effect on the specific growth rates (SGRs) or feed conversion ratios (FCRs). The study thus demonstrated that it is possible to replace fish meal by 47% organic PPC without compromising rainbow trout performance. However, the results also indicated that it will be difficult to replace much more than this as long as supplementation with synthetic amino acids and exogenous phytase is not allowed in organic feed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Replacement of fish meal with a matrix of organic plant proteins in organic trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feed, and the effects on nutrient utilization and fish performance

et al. 2011

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“…Due to this fact, it is not surprising that FM is the most expensive protein source in animal and aquaculture feeds (Tacon 1993). Increasing demand, unstable supply and high price of fish meal (FM) in tandem with the expansion of aquaculture industry made it necessary to search for alternative protein sources (FAO 2004;Lunger et al 2007). Alternatives to FM can include fishery by-products, terrestrial animal by-products and plant protein sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%