The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac rhythm: A critical reassessment

Billman, George E.

doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.05.011

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 324 publications

(531 reference statements)

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“…In addition, these agents are associated with beneficial effects on the autonomic system function, heart rate variability (HRV), and rate recovery after exercise. Intrinsic pacemaker rate alterations appear to be more important than rises in HRV, but HRV remains a predictor of mortality after MI and an index of cardiac health [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent of both electrical and anatomic remodeling in heart muscle is a key determinant of the action of administered n-3 PUFA, which may partially account for minimal or inconsistent effects [34]. For example, in atrial fibrillation there are other variables, including cytokines and hypercoagulability involved in pathogenesis, in addition to the extent of pericardial fat and atrial fibrofatty infiltrates promoting electrical dissociation that become self-perpetuating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that in no human study in which n-3 PUFA levels were measured has this been confirmed. In contrast, the total number of all participants in studies examining SCD is now impressive [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][34][35][36][37]. Finally, relying upon dietary recall and study designs that preclude comparison may account for some discrepancies [44,45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

Kones¹,

Howell²,

Rumana³

2017

Med Princ Pract

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Amidst voluminous literature, inconsistencies and opposing results have confused rather than clarified cardiologists' ability to assess the potential benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). In perspective, there are common themes that emerge from n-3 PUFA studies, even as imperfect as they may be. The approach taken was to identify and unite these themes into a manageable, cohesive, evidence-based, yet useful synthesis. In all reviews and meta-analyses, the selection of component studies and assumptions influences outcomes. This overarching principle must be combined with the totality of the data, particularly when evidence is incompletely understood and gaps in knowledge must be bridged. Both the older literature and the most recent rigorous meta-analyses indicate that n-3 PUFA are highly pleiotropic agents with many documented positive physiological effects. Concordance among preclinical, observational, randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses is impressive. These agents have modest, statistically significant benefits which accrue over time. Given their favorable safety profile, a risk reduction of about 10% justifies their potential use in cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

Kones¹,

Howell²,

Rumana³

2017

Med Princ Pract

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“…13) Numerous animal/clinical reports have described the secondary prevention of SCD/ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction or heart failure using n-3 PUFAs. 14) In addition, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that dietary fish oil intake is associated with a low risk of SCD. 15) However, no reports have evaluated the association between BrS and n-3 PUFAs levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Serum Levels of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid are Risk Factors for Cardiogenic Syncope in Patients with Brugada Syndrome

et al. 2017

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SummaryThe n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have antiarrhythmic effects, possibly via modulation of the cardiac ion channels. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether low serum levels of n-3 PUFAs are risk factors for ventricular fibrillation in patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS). We retrospectively reviewed data from 62 men with BrS and evaluated their serum levels of EPA and DHA, and the risk factors for sudden cardiac death, including a history of cardiogenic syncope. Nineteen patients had a history of cardiogenic syncope, and their EPA and DHA levels were significantly lower than those of the patients without syncope. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low EPA and DHA levels were associated with the incidence of syncope. The receiver-operator characteristic curve showed the area under the curves of EPA and DHA for history of syncope were 0.84 and 0.72, respectively. In conclusion, low levels of EPA and DHA are risk factors for cardiogenic syncope in patients with BrS, which suggests that n-3 PUFAs play important roles in preventing ventricular fibrillation in BrS.(Int Heart J 2017; 58: 720-723)

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“…Magnesium and B-complex vitamins are also among its major constituents. [5] It is however important to note that despite these widely acclaimed great healing properties of mustard seeds, information regarding safety and efficacy is lacking as well as some other forms of contraindications and interactions. This is the rationale for this research with the prefrontal cortex (PFC) being the focal point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-dependent effect of black mustard seeds (Brassica nigra) extract on the prefrontal cortex of adult Wistar rats

Arogundade¹,

Enaibe²,

Adigun³

et al. 2017

Anatomy

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Objectives: Mustard seeds, apart from being a culinary essential, have had medicinal applications dating back to the time of Hippocrates. It has in fact been once mentioned as the greatest herb ever. We explored the dose dependent effects of the crude aqueous extract of Brassica nigra (Black mustard seeds) on the prefrontal cortex of adult Wistar rats.Methods: 20 adult female rats weighing an average of 180±20 g were used. They were split into 4 groups (n=5); Group A (received extract at 200 mg/kg body weight), Group B (received extract at 100 mg/kg body weight), Group C (received extract at 50 mg/kg body weight), and Group D (received distilled water ad libitum). All of the animals were subjected to the Y-maze spontaneous alternation test for neurobehavioural analyses following 28-day administration of the extracts. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after taking the last day of administration. Results:Our results showed that neurobehavioural analyses are significantly hampered in animals receiving 200 mg/kg extract in comparison to the control group. In treatment groups, increased dose of extract elevated the level of MDA, but reduced the level of SOD. LDH levels were also significantly increased in the 200 mg/kg treated group when comparing with the control. General microarchitecture in the prefrontal cortex of 200 mg/kg Brassica nigra treated group showed signs of karyolysis and pyknosis. Conclusion: Brassica nigra (black mustard) is not innocuous and therefore it should be consumed in moderation.Keywords: Brassica nigra; neurobehaviour; neurototoxicity; prefrontal cortex Original Article www.anatomy.org.tr Received: August 13, 2016; Accepted: September 2, 2017 doi:10.2399 the cell-poor molecular layer and the deepest is the multiform (polymorphic) layer, which is populated largely by fusiform cells. Between these two layers, there are four layers that are alternatively mostly populated by stellate or pyramidal cells. The executive functions of the frontal cortex involve the ability to recognize future consequences resulting from current actions, to choose between good and bad actions (or better and best), override and suppress unacceptable social responses, and determine similarities and differences between things or events. [7] Therefore, it is involved in higher mental functions. The frontal cortex also plays an important role in retaining long-term memories which are not task-based. These are memories associated often with emotions derived input from the limbic system. The frontal cortex modifies those emotions to generally fit socially acceptable norms.[7] Thus, we specifically examined the dose-dependent effects of aqueous Brassica nigra seed extracts on the cognitive and memory functions, oxidative parameters, and finally, the histology of the PFC in Wistar rats. We examined the oxidative damage by assessing the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzymes. Materials and MethodsAll protocols and treatment procedures were done according to t...

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The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac rhythm: A critical reassessment

Cited by 58 publications

References 324 publications

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Principles, Practices, Pitfalls, and Promises - A Contemporary Review

Low Serum Levels of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid are Risk Factors for Cardiogenic Syncope in Patients with Brugada Syndrome

Dose-dependent effect of black mustard seeds (Brassica nigra) extract on the prefrontal cortex of adult Wistar rats

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