2017
DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.12
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The effects of oestrogens and their receptors on cardiometabolic health

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. The incidence of CVD is sexually dimorphic, and research has focused on the contribution of sex steroids to the development and progression of the cardiometabolic syndrome, which is defined as a clustering of interrelated risk factors that promote the development of atherosclerosis (which can lead to CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data are inconclusive as to how sex steroids and their respective receptors increas… Show more

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Cited by 143 publications
(135 citation statements)
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References 179 publications
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“…It is worth mentioning that estrogens reduce the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 by endothelial cells via nongenomic mechanisms and participate in maintaining the endothelial function. 109 von Willebrand factor has been linked to the development of CVD and cardiovascular mortality in people with T2DM, whereas E-selectin was found to be associated with CVD in those people but none of these results were stratified by sex.…”
Section: Endothelial Dysfunctionmentioning
confidence: 92%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…It is worth mentioning that estrogens reduce the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 by endothelial cells via nongenomic mechanisms and participate in maintaining the endothelial function. 109 von Willebrand factor has been linked to the development of CVD and cardiovascular mortality in people with T2DM, whereas E-selectin was found to be associated with CVD in those people but none of these results were stratified by sex.…”
Section: Endothelial Dysfunctionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…In fact, menopausal transition is associated with increased adiposity and changes in fat distribution, which contributes to insulin resistance and T2DM although the impact of estrogens' loss per se on the incidence of T2DM remains unclear. 109,123 Other highrisk groups include women with gestational diabetes and those with polycystic ovary syndrome. Interestingly, these 2 latter conditions represent 2 natural models of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (the mechanisms at interplay in T2DM) that could help to understand the pathogenesis of the increased cardiovascular risk in women with T2DM.…”
Section: Women With High Risk To Develop T2dm and Cvdmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…298 Moreover, linkage disequilibrium between these two polymorphisms with other polymorphisms 299 in the ESR1 gene, such as TA tandem polymorphism in the promoter region could affect gene 300 expression or function (Herrington et al 2002). Polymorphisms in ESR1 were first thought to be 301 potential risk factors for the development of CVD; but a meta-analysis including 10 case-control 302 studies demonstrated that the ESR1 SNPs PvuII and XbaI are not associated with risk of CVD 303 (Morselli et al 2017). In this study we have noted an inverse trend between these polymorphisms 304 and risk of CVD in diabetic group.…”
mentioning
confidence: 59%
“…Several beneficial physiological effects of estrogen on vascular function, atherosclerosis, lipoprotein metabolism and cardiomyocyte protection are proposed (Morselli et al 2017). In an uncontrolled study of oral E 2 (0.5, 1 or 2 mg daily) for 9 weeks in 22 healthy elderly men, lipid parameters improved from baseline (Giri et al 1998).…”
Section: Venous Thromboembolism and Cardiovascular Riskmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…E 2 -but not placebo-treated men showed reduced vasoconstrictor responses to angiotensin II and norephinephrine, enhanced endothelial basal nitric oxide release, and reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Additionally, there are a range of proposed cellular mechanisms by which estrogens may be important for cardiomyocyte protection in the context of ageing, insulin resistance, hypertension and ischaemia (Morselli et al 2017).…”
Section: Venous Thromboembolism and Cardiovascular Riskmentioning
confidence: 99%