The Effects of Obesity on the Inflammatory, Cardiovascular, and Neurobiological Responses to Exercise in Older Adults

Fico, Brandon G.; Maharaj, Arun; Pena, Gabriel S.; Huang, Chun-Jung

doi:10.3390/biology12060865

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 212 publications

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“…Body fat and physical performance may be connected to a higher risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, and certain cancer types. In turn, these clinical conditions can severely limit physical performance and independence in older people [ 71 , 72 ]. Additionally, excess body fat can cause additional stress on the joints and muscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Irigoyen-Camacho,

Velazquez-Alva,

Zepeda-Zepeda

et al. 2024

Geriatrics

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Physical activity is essential for healthy aging. This study aimed to identify an association between physical performance, body fat percentage (%BF), and the perception of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in independent older adults. Method: A group of active older adults was selected from a government-sponsored reunion center in Mexico City. OHRQoL was assessed using the General Oral Health Index (GOHAI), and nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool. A short physical performance battery (SPPB) was applied, and, for body composition, DXA (dual X-ray absorptiometry) was conducted. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models, and marginal probabilities were obtained. Results: This study involved 366 participants; their mean age was 73.9 (±6.2) years, and 24.9% had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OHRQoL information revealed that pain or discomfort in the oral cavity was perceived by 63.9% of the older adults during the previous three months. The SPPB score was low in 159 (43.44%) participants. The logistic regression model revealed that age (OR = 1.13, p < 0.001), T2DM (OR = 2.10, p = 0.009), the risk of malnutrition/malnutrition (OR = 1.76, p = 0.047), high %BF (OR = 1.09, <0.001), and poor OHRQoL (OR = 1.96, p = 0.009) were associated with deteriorated physical performance. Conclusion: OHRQoL self-perception, excess body fat, and nutritional status impacted physical performance. Aging well requires a comprehensive approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Irigoyen-Camacho,

Velazquez-Alva,

Zepeda-Zepeda

et al. 2024

Geriatrics

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“…Multiple studies suggest that overweight/obesity is an independent risk factor for coronary artery lesions in KD patients 3 . The coexistence of obesity's pro-inflammatory state and KD's inflammatory immune vasculitis leads to a complex pathophysiological link with humoral adipokines and cytokines released from adipose tissue in childhood-onset autoimmune rheumatic diseases, but its complete understanding is still lacking 13 , 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B-cell hub genes play a cardiovascular pathogenic role of in childhood obesity and Kawasaki disease as revealed by transcriptomics-based analyses

Chen,

Ji,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The study aims to explore the central genes that Kawasaki disease (KD) and Obesity (OB) may jointly contribute to coronary artery disease. Investigating single-cell datasets (GSE168732 and GSE163830) from a comprehensive gene expression database, we identified characteristic immune cell subpopulations in KD and OB. B cells emerged as the common immune cell characteristic subgroup in both conditions. Subsequently, we analyzed RNA sequencing datasets (GSE18606 and GSE87493) to identify genes associated with B-cell subpopulations in KD and OB. Lastly, a genome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization were conducted to substantiate the causal impact of these core genes on myocardial infarction. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to validate the expression levels of hub genes in KD and OB. The overlapping characteristic genes of B cell clusters in both KD and OB yielded 70 shared characteristic genes. PPI analysis led to the discovery of eleven key genes that significantly contribute to the crosstalk. Employing receiver operating characteristic analysis, we evaluated the specificity and sensitivity of these core genes and scored them using Cytoscape software. The inverse variance weighting analysis suggested an association between TNFRSF17 and myocardial infarction risk, with an odds ratio of 0.9995 (95% CI = 0.9990–1.0000, p = 0.049). By employing a single-cell combined transcriptome data analysis, we successfully pinpointed central genes associated with both KD and OB. The implications of these findings extend to shedding light on the increased risk of coronary artery disease resulting from the co-occurrence of OB and KD.

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Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study

Carvalho,

Brito,

Amaral

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Both cardiometabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases pose a significant challenge to global public health, particularly among older adults. Here, we investigated the interplay between systemic inflammatory status and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) in older men with adequate weight or obesity. In this observational cross-sectional study, older men (71.79 ± 7.35 years) were separated into groups with normal weight (NW, n = 34) and obesity (O, n = 32) to assess circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and CMI. Overall, the O group showed not only a higher inflammatory status but also increased CMI (p < 0.0001) compared with the NW group. Interestingly, only positive correlations were found between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in both groups. Through multivariate regression analysis, IL-6 (β = −0.2276, p = 0.0003) and IL-10 (β = 0.2023, p = 0.0030) significantly influenced CMI in the NW group. No significant results were found in the O group. Our findings reinforce the effects of obesity in inflammaging, as well as suggesting that the influence of cytokines in CMI occurs in older men with normal weight, since the elevated pro-inflammatory profile observed in older men with obesity can interfere in this effect.

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The Effects of Obesity on the Inflammatory, Cardiovascular, and Neurobiological Responses to Exercise in Older Adults

Cited by 3 publications

References 212 publications

Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

B-cell hub genes play a cardiovascular pathogenic role of in childhood obesity and Kawasaki disease as revealed by transcriptomics-based analyses

Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study

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