The effects of non-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles of different diameters on the induction of apoptosis and mTOR level in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Malinowska, K.; Sicińska, Paulina; Michałowicz, Jaromir; Bukowska, Bożena

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139137

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Exposure to MPs/NPs is commonly associated with a decrease in metabolic activity and changes in mitochondrial potential [63], characteristic of mitochondrial damage. It is widely believed that this is the route by which NP/MP particles can induce ROS production and DNA damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apoptosis is a crucial process implicated in hormone-dependent atrophy, embryonic development, the cell cycle, normal immune function, and cell death induced by xenobiotics [61]. Some research works indicate that PS-NPs interact with cell membranes, causing changes in their integrity, disrupting ion transport and signal transduction [54,62,63].…”

Section: Induction Of Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Malinowska et al [63] examined the impact of non-functionalized PS-NPs of 29 nm, 44 nm, and 72 nm in diameter on induction of apoptosis in PBMCs. All studied PS-NPs triggered apoptosis by the intrinsic pathway via a rise in cytosolic Ca 2+ level, and a reduction in transmembrane mitochondrial potential and caspase-9 and -3 activation.…”

Section: Induction Of Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Important Factors Affecting Induction of Cell Death, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage by Nano- and Microplastic Particles In Vitro

Płuciennik,

Sicińska,

Misztal

et al. 2024

Cells

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We have described the influence of selected factors that increase the toxicity of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) with regard to cell viability, various types of cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction, and genotoxicity. These factors include plastic particle size (NPs/MPs), zeta potential, exposure time, concentration, functionalization, and the influence of environmental factors and cell type. Studies have unequivocally shown that smaller plastic particles are more cytotoxic, penetrate cells more easily, increase ROS formation, and induce oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA. The toxic effects also increase with concentration and incubation time. NPs with positive zeta potential are also more toxic than those with a negative zeta potential because the cells are negatively charged, inducing stronger interactions. The deleterious effects of NPs and MPs are increased by functionalization with anionic or carboxyl groups, due to greater interaction with cell membrane components. Cationic NPs/MPs are particularly toxic due to their greater cellular uptake and/or their effects on cells and lysosomal membranes. The effects of polystyrene (PS) vary from one cell type to another, and normal cells are more sensitive to NPs than cancerous ones. The toxicity of NPs/MPs can be enhanced by environmental factors, including UV radiation, as they cause the particles to shrink and change their shape, which is a particularly important consideration when working with environmentally-changed NPs/MPs. In summary, the cytotoxicity, oxidative properties, and genotoxicity of plastic particles depends on their concentration, duration of action, and cell type. Also, NPs/MPs with a smaller diameter and positive zeta potential, and those exposed to UV and functionalized with amino groups, demonstrate higher toxicity than larger, non-functionalized and environmentally-unchanged particles with a negative zeta potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Induction Of Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Induction Of Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Important Factors Affecting Induction of Cell Death, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage by Nano- and Microplastic Particles In Vitro

Płuciennik,

Sicińska,

Misztal

et al. 2024

Cells

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“…Multiple studies have demonstrated that plastic particles decrease the potential of the mitochondrial membrane [70,142]. Rotifers, namely Brachionus koreanus, a mouse spermatocyte line (GC-2 cells), and adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) all showed this effect [18,70,143].…”

Section: Effect Of Mps On Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics and Oxidative Stress—Current Problems and Prospects

Kadac-Czapska,

Ośko,

Knez

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles between 0.1 and 5000 µm in size that have attracted considerable attention from the scientific community and the general public, as they threaten the environment. Microplastics contribute to various harmful effects, including lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, cell membrane breakages, mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal defects, inflammation, and apoptosis. They affect cells, tissues, organs, and overall health, potentially contributing to conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease. They pose a significant danger due to their widespread occurrence in food. In recent years, information has emerged indicating that MPs can cause oxidative stress (OS), a known factor in accelerating the aging of organisms. This comprehensive evaluation exposed notable variability in the reported connection between MPs and OS. This work aims to provide a critical review of whether the harmfulness of plastic particles that constitute environmental contaminants may result from OS through a comprehensive analysis of recent research and existing scientific literature, as well as an assessment of the characteristics of MPs causing OS. Additionally, the article covers the analytical methodology used in this field. The conclusions of this review point to the necessity for further research into the effects of MPs on OS.

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Internalization and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics on inmortalized human neural stem cells

González-Caballero,

de Alba González,

Torres-Ruiz

et al. 2024

Chemosphere

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The effects of non-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles of different diameters on the induction of apoptosis and mTOR level in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

Important Factors Affecting Induction of Cell Death, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage by Nano- and Microplastic Particles In Vitro

Important Factors Affecting Induction of Cell Death, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage by Nano- and Microplastic Particles In Vitro

Microplastics and Oxidative Stress—Current Problems and Prospects

Internalization and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics on inmortalized human neural stem cells

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