The effects of Neuroticism and Extraversion on cardiovascular reactivity during a mental and an emotional stress task

Jonassaint, Charles R.; Why, Yong Peng; Bishop, George D.; Tong, Eddie M. W.; Diong, Siew Maan; Enkelmann, Hwee Chong; Khader, Majeed; Ang, Jansen

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.09.012

Cited by 56 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A tendency to emotional distress after negative events is a documented risk-factor for depression (Siegrist 2008; Forbes 2009; Mezulis et al 2010; Morris et al 2010), and our findings suggest that high trait NEM may identify individuals at elevated risk for chronic stress-related depression and anxiety disorders. NEM has also been linked to poor health and cardiovascular disease (Christensen et al 2002; Suls and Bunde 2005; Smith and MacKenzie 2006), and in line with others’ findings (Habra et al 2003; Jonassaint et al 2009; Williams et al 2009), we also found that NEM inversely predicted peak MAP responses to stress. Thus, high trait NEM may also be a risk factor for blunted or inefficient cardiovascular responses to stress, which may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Personality traits modulate emotional and physiological responses to stress

Childs

White

Wit

2014

Behavioural Pharmacology

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An individual’s susceptibility to psychological and physical disorders associated with chronic stress exposure e.g., cardiovascular and infectious disease, may also be predicted by their reactivity to acute stress. One factor associated with both stress resilience and health outcomes is personality. An understanding of how personality influences responses to acute stress may shed light upon individual differences in susceptibility to chronic stress-linked disease. This study examined relationships between personality and acute responses to stress in 125 healthy adults, using hierarchical linear regression. We assessed personality traits using the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ-BF), and responses to acute stress (cortisol, heart rate, blood pressure, mood) using a standardised laboratory psychosocial stress task, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Individuals with high Negative Emotionality exhibited greater emotional distress and lower blood pressure responses to the TSST. Individuals with high Agentic Positive Emotionality exhibited prolonged heart rate responses to stress, whereas those with high Communal Positive Emotionality exhibited smaller cortisol and blood pressure responses. Separate personality traits differentially predicted emotional, cardiovascular, and cortisol responses to a psychosocial stressor in healthy volunteers. Future research investigating the association of personality with chronic stress-related disease may provide further clues to the relationship between acute stress reactivity and susceptibility to disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Personality traits modulate emotional and physiological responses to stress

Childs

White

Wit

2014

Behavioural Pharmacology

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“…Attentional and emotion regulation are both crucial for adequate responding to stressful situations; thus, individuals who lack effective coping strategies may inadequately or inappropriately respond to stressors (Fabes & Eisenberg, 1997; Geisler, Kubiak, Siewert, & Weber, 2013), potentially eliciting subsequent stressors. In addition, dysregulated HRV reactivity has been associated with neuroticism, considered to be a trait measure of stress and emotional reactivity (Jonassaint et al, 2009), which also prospectively predicts the occurrence of dependent stressors (Uliaszek et al, 2010). Further, HRV has been linked to maladaptive cognitive and emotional strategies, such as cognitive reactivity, emotion suppression, and rumination (Yaroslavsky et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical reactivity of heart rate variability to stress and depression across development: Systematic review of the literature and directions for future research

Hamilton

Alloy

2016

Clinical Psychology Review

138

104

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Heart rate variability has received growing attention in the depression literature, with several recent meta-analyses indicating that lower resting heart rate variability is associated with depression. However, the role of fluctuations in heart rate variability (or reactivity) in response to stress in depression remains less clear. The present review provides a systematic examination of the literature on heart rate variability reactivity to a laboratory-induced stressor task and depression, including 26 studies of reactivity in heart rate variability and clinical depression, remitted (or history of) depression, and subthreshold depression (or symptom-level depression) among adults, adolescents, and children. In addition to reviewing the findings of these studies, methodological considerations and conceptual gaps in the literature are addressed. We conclude by highlighting the importance of investigating the potential transactional relationship between heart rate variability reactivity and depression and possible mechanisms underlying this relationship.

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“…Studies found that the physiological responses to cognitive stressors (e.g., mental arithmetic, Stroop, tracing task, or playing a game) were almost unrelated to extraversion (Brouwer, Schaik, Korteling, Erp, & Toet, 2014; Geen, ; Glass et al, ; Vassend & Knardahl, ). Jonassaint et al () found that high extraversion participants exhibited lower DBP and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) reactivity relative to low extraversion participants during an anger recall task (emotional stressor), whereas no extraversion group difference was found for DBP or TPRI reactivity during a mental arithmetic task (cognitive stressor). Similarly, Brumbaugh, Kothuri, Marci, Siefert, and Pfaff () found that highly extraverted individuals tended to show more HR decline in emotional stressors (viewing negative film clips) compared to individuals low in extraversion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological adaptation to recurrent social stress of extraversion

Lü

Wang

2016

Psychophysiology

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The present studies examined the influence of extraversion on physiological reactivity, recovery, and physiological habituation-sensitization to repeated social stressors. In Study 1, subjective and physiological data were collected from 97 college students who were categorized as high (n = 51) and low (n = 46) on extraversion (NEO-FFI) across five laboratory stages: baseline, stress 1, poststress 1, stress 2, and poststress 2. Results indicated high extraversion (HE) participants exhibited relative lesser heart rate (HR) reactivity and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) withdrawals to, and more complete HR and RSA recovery after the first social stress, and also exhibited relative lesser HR reactivity to the second social stress. When repeatedly exposed to a social stressor, HE participants showed pronounced systolic blood pressure (SBP) adaptation, low extraversion (LE) participants displayed diastolic blood pressure (DBP) sensitization. In Study 2, data were collected from another 78 participants (HE: n = 40, LE: n = 38) across the same laboratory stages with speech performance videotaped. After controlling for the speech styles, Study 2 found the same HR response and SBP/DBP adaptation pattern across extraversion groups to social stress as Study 1 but not RSA reactivity. These findings suggest extraverts exhibit more adaptive physiological reactivity to recurrent social stressors, which thus might benefit their health.

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The effects of Neuroticism and Extraversion on cardiovascular reactivity during a mental and an emotional stress task

Cited by 56 publications

References 47 publications

Personality traits modulate emotional and physiological responses to stress

Personality traits modulate emotional and physiological responses to stress

Atypical reactivity of heart rate variability to stress and depression across development: Systematic review of the literature and directions for future research

Physiological adaptation to recurrent social stress of extraversion

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