The effects of monocular training on binocular functions in anisometropic amblyopia

Jia, Wuli; Lan, Fangfang; Zhao, Xin; Lü, Zhong-Lin; Huang, Chang-Bing; Zhao, Wuxiao; Li, Min

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2017.02.008

Cited by 23 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Amblyopia is inherently a binocular disorder caused by an imbalance between the two eyes and resulting in the abnormal development of the visual pathways that affect both the amblyopic and the non-amblyopic fellow eye 25 . Anisohyperopic amblyopia is an important risk factor for amblyopia 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the prescription of refractive correction, occlusion therapy has been accepted as the second stage of the standard treatment for anisometropic amblyopia 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. The general efficacy of part-time and full-time occlusion therapy according to the severity of amblyopia for best treatment outcomes has been established 11, 25, 27, 28…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of different amblyopia treatment protocols on axial length of non-amblyopic eyes in anisohyperopic patients

Ghasempour

Khorrami-Nejad

Akbari

et al. 2019

Journal of Current Ophthalmology

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Purpose To evaluate the effect of full-time and part-time occlusion therapy on axial length (AL) of non-amblyopic eyes in anisohyperopic patients. Methods Sixty-five patients who were treated for anisohyperopic amblyopia were recruited for this prospective cross-sectional study. Treatment was provided as patching of the non-amblyopic for 4 h or less (part-time occlusion therapy, n = 42), patching of the non-amblyopic for 8 h or more (full-time occlusion therapy, n = 13) and refractive correction (spectacles, non-patched group, n = 10). AL measurements were calculated by a Lenstar LS 900 at the last session of amblyopia therapy. Results The mean age of patients treated for anisohyperopic amblyopia was 4.90 ± 0.80 years, and the mean follow-up period was 1.50 ± 0.80 years. The mean of spherical equivalent in amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes were +3.58 ± 2.26 and +1.84 ± 0.97 diopter (D) before treatment, and +3.21 ± 2.28 and +1.49 ± 0.99 D after treatment, respectively. The mean of spherical equivalent in non-amblyopic eyes before (F = 0.452, df = 2, P = 0.639) and after (F = 0.190, df = 2, P = 0.828) treatment did not have any significant difference between the three groups. The mean AL of amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes were 22.11 ± 93.0 and 22.68 ± 1.07 mm, respectively. The mean AL of the non-amblyopic eye was significantly higher in the full-time occlusion therapy group when compared to the part-time patch and the non-patched groups ( P < 0.001). The mean AL of amblyopic eyes showed no difference across the three treatment groups ( P = 0.840). Conclusions The results show that a longer AL in the non-amblyopic eye, but not the amblyopic eye, can be expected with longer daily hours of patching in anisohyperopic patients. Future studies are needed to evaluate the effect of patching on AL in children with anisohyperopic amblyopia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of different amblyopia treatment protocols on axial length of non-amblyopic eyes in anisohyperopic patients

Ghasempour

Khorrami-Nejad

Akbari

et al. 2019

Journal of Current Ophthalmology

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“…Two recent studies have tried to answer this question but have come to opposing conclusions: Chen et al (2016) found that monocular PL improved binocular combination in adult amblyopes. However, by using a similar training protocol, Jia et al (2018), failed to find any significant effect of monocular PL on binocular phase combination. Considering that the training in these two studies was conducted at a high spatial frequency (cutoff spatial frequency), which was not matched with the spatial frequency of their interocular suppression measurements (0.3 or 1 c/ • ), it would be necessary for further studies to explore the effect of PL on binocular visual functions using an approach (Kwon et al, 2015;Birch et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019) that would allow the effect of spatial frequency to be considered for suppression.…”

Section: Relevance To Other Monocular Interventions In Amblyopiamentioning

confidence: 94%

Patching and Suppression in Amblyopia: One Mechanism or Two?

Chen

Mao

et al. 2020

Front. Neurosci.

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Purpose: To determine if benefits from occlusion therapy are due to decreased suppression from the fellow eye in children with amblyopia.Methods: Ten newly diagnosed amblyopes (7.2 ± 1.4 years old), two with strabismus and eight with anisometropia, participated. Patients were first given a 2-month period of refractive adaptation, followed by occlusion therapy (i.e., patching their fellow eye with an opaque patch for 4 h/day). Visual acuity of the amblyopic eye and interocular suppression were measured before and after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 months of occlusion therapy. We quantified interocular suppression with a binocular phase combination task.Results: Visual acuity (in logMAR) improved from 0.50 ± 0.22 (mean ± SD) to 0.33 ± 0.20 for patients who finished a short-term (2 months) occlusion (A1-A10), from 0.53 ± 0.20 to 0.32 ± 0.22 for patients who finished a medium-term (4 months) occlusion (A1-A9), and from 0.48 ± 0.19 to 0.22 ± 0.10 for patients who finished a long-term (6 months) occlusion (A1-A8). Although their visual acuity significantly improved, their degree of suppression, which was abnormal in all cases, did not change consistently. This was true in all durations of occlusion therapy.Conclusion: Reduced suppression from the fixing eye might not be result from occlusion therapy.

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“…A pesar de constituirse en un desorden intrínsecamente binocular, es tratado con la oclusión, la cual impide restaurar completamente los déficits generados por esta condición. Lo anterior permite replantear un enfoque que, al reducir la supresión, impacte directamente en la mejoría de la funciones visuales, mas no suponer que la agudeza visual obtenida con la oclusión estimule la visión binocular (9,10).…”

Section: Tratamientounclassified

“…Durante décadas, el tratamiento de referencia de esta alteración ha sido la oclusión del ojo dominante, de manera que todos los estímulos se derivan al ojo ambliope (8). Sin embargo, la ambliopía es intrínsecamente un desorden bi nocular (9), puesto que la presencia de los factores que generan una experiencia anormal en el desarrollo temprano de la visión afecta no solo la vía visual del ojo ambliope, sino también la del ojo sano (9). Por lo anterior, en la última década surge la idea de estimular la corteza visual con una terapia binocular a través de videojuegos basados en un principio dicóptico, que consiste en la presentación de imágenes distintas a cada ojo con el fin de equiparar el contraste y eliminar la supresión.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Videojuegos con un enfoque binocular: una nueva tendencia para el tratamieno de la ambliopía

Fernández

Arcos²

2019

Cienc. Tecnol. Salud Vis. Ocul.

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Navas Fernández MJ y Ramírez Arcos DP. Videojuegos con un enfoque binocular: una nueva tendencia para el tratamieno de la ambliopía.Cómo citar este artículo: Navas Fernández MJ, Ramírez Arcos DP. Videojuegos con un enfoque binocular: una nueva tendencia para el tratamiento de la ambliopía. RESUMENEn la actualidad se estudia la importancia de reconocer la ambliopía como un desorden binocular, y por ello se empiezan a explorar nuevas alternativas para su tratamiento basadas en este principio. A pesar de que durante siglos la oclusión ha sido el tratamiento predilecto para esta condición y ha evidenciado mejoras en la agudeza visual, se dejan de lado características de la visión como la sensibilidad al contraste y la visión binocular. Este artículo analizará la información de fuentes primarias y secundarias reportadas en la literatura sobre el enfoque binocular a través de la estimulación dicóptica con videojuegos, con el fin de explorar y contrastar resultados de diversos estudios en el tratamiento de la ambliopía.Palabras clave: ambliopía, neuroplasticidad, tratamiento binocular, tratamiento de ambliopía, videojuegos dicópticos. ABSTRACTAt present, the importance to study amblyopia as a binocular disorder is recognized; thus, new alternatives for its treatment based on this principle are being explored. For centuries, occlusion has been the preferred treatment for this condition, which has shown improvements in visual acuity; nevertheless, it leaves aside certain characteristics of vision, such as contrast sensitivity and binocular vision. This article analyzes information of primary and secondary sources reported in the literature on the binocular approach through dichoptic stimulation with video games, in order to explore and contrast the results of various studies in the treatment of amblyopia.

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The effects of monocular training on binocular functions in anisometropic amblyopia

Cited by 23 publications

References 69 publications

The effect of different amblyopia treatment protocols on axial length of non-amblyopic eyes in anisohyperopic patients

The effect of different amblyopia treatment protocols on axial length of non-amblyopic eyes in anisohyperopic patients

Patching and Suppression in Amblyopia: One Mechanism or Two?

Videojuegos con un enfoque binocular: una nueva tendencia para el tratamieno de la ambliopía

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