The Effects of Mindfulness for Youth (MYmind) versus Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Improving Attention and Reducing Behavioral Problems among Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Their Parents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Wong, Samuel Yeung Shan; Chan, Stanley Kam Chung; Yip, Benjamin Hon Kei; Wang, Wenyue; Lo, Herman Hay Ming; Zhang, Dexing; Bögels, Susan M.

doi:10.1159/000534962

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Primary and secondary outcomes included children's attention, ADHD-related symptoms, behaviours, executive function, and mindfulness levels as well as parental stress, parenting styles, and parent's own ADHD-related symptoms and wellbeing (Chan et al, 2018). Results showed that both programs significantly improved children's attention and most other outcomes, with no difference in effectiveness between the CBT and the family mindfulness program up to the 6-month follow-up assessment (Wong et al, 2023).…”

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Child and Parent Mindfulness-Based Training Versus Medication for Childhood ADHD: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Meppelink,

de Bruin,

Zoller

et al. 2024

Mindfulness

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Objectives Medication is the predominant treatment for childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but has side effects and limited longer-term effects. Mindfulness for children and their parents could be an alternative as it targets children’s core symptoms and supports parents. This study compared the effectiveness of a family mindfulness-based intervention to methylphenidate in children with ADHD. Method We conducted a randomised controlled trial (RCT) and a preference trial (PT) for families who refused randomisation. Mindfulness (“MYmind”) consisted of 2-months weekly group-based 1.5-hr mindfulness sessions for children and parallel mindful parenting for their parents, plus a follow-up session 2 months later. Medication concerned 4-months short-acting methylphenidate. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed using multilevel modelling. Both parents and adolescents (not children) completed questionnaires on child ADHD pre-treatment, and at 2-, 4-, and 10-months follow-up, whereas teachers and blind observers completed these questionnaires at pre-treatment and 2-months follow-up only. Similarly, neuropsychological attention measures were administered pre-treatment and at 2-months follow-up only. Results In the RCT, 91 children with ADHD (Mage=11.29, range 9–18, 71% boys), 172 parents (91 mothers, 81 fathers), 81 teachers, and 85 observers participated, and in the PT, 29 children (Mage=11.57, 55% boys), 52 parents (28 mothers, 24 fathers), 24 teachers, and 26 observers. Medication was more effective than family mindfulness at 2 and 4 months on multi-informant questionnaires but not on objective (neuropsychological and blind observer) measures. Differences between treatments diminished at mid-term even though in the medication group treatment was continued after 2 months while the mindfulness training was already finished at 2 months. Differences between treatment groups disappeared at 10 months, but note that in the long-term, children from the mindfulness arm started taking medication and vice versa, so that we cannot be sure to what extent the long-term results are caused by mindfulness, medication, or its combination. Findings in the PT and according to PP analyses were similar. Note moreover that 1 in 4 children (26%) discontinued taking medication during the first 2 months versus almost no families (2%) discontinued mindfulness, suggesting that mindfulness was more easily accepted. Conclusions Overall, although mindfulness alone might not be sufficient for some families, family mindfulness training in general can be considered a non-pharmacological alternative or addition in the treatment of childhood ADHD. Preregistration https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/22179, 11.10.2013.

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confidence: 99%

Child and Parent Mindfulness-Based Training Versus Medication for Childhood ADHD: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Meppelink,

de Bruin,

Zoller

et al. 2024

Mindfulness

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Mindfulness-Based Programs for Children with Developmental Challenges

2024

Mindfulness in Behavioral Health

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A systematic review of the benefits and mechanisms of family-based mind-body therapy programs targeting families of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Fang,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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Growing evidence indicates that family-based mind-body therapy programs (FMBTs) act as an important alternative for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment in the youth with minimal side-effects. Moreover, FMBTs contribute to improving the family functioning of those affected by ADHD. To summarize and analyze the benefits and mechanisms, an extensive literature search of the EBSCOhost, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted to identify eligible studies. Fifteen studies published between 2010–2023 were reviewed. The included FMBTs were implemented with 850 children/adolescents and 996 parents/caregivers, of whom 201 parent couples attended the programs together with their children. All included FMBTs adopted mindfulness/meditation as the core practice to enhance the participants’ mental focus and attention, and were designed for long-term engagement, with six including parent–child joint session(s). Positive changes were observed in both children and adolescents, including improvements in ADHD symptoms, behavioral problems, executive function, and school performance. Additionally, parents experienced positive changes in ADHD traits/symptoms, mental health, and parenting behaviors. Furthermore, FMBTs were found to enhance family functioning by delivering mindful strategies to family, restoring psychological capacity and interpersonal skills in family members, and improving parent–child relationships. The reviewed FMBTs demonstrated high levels of feasibility and participant satisfaction. The factors and issues potentially influencing the effectiveness and feasibility of FMBTs are also discussed. The findings indicate that FMBT holds promise as an ADHD treatment option in home settings. Future efforts may focus on optimizing the design of FMBTs to better address the diverse needs of families in varying circumstances.

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The Effects of Mindfulness for Youth (MYmind) versus Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Improving Attention and Reducing Behavioral Problems among Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Their Parents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Child and Parent Mindfulness-Based Training Versus Medication for Childhood ADHD: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Child and Parent Mindfulness-Based Training Versus Medication for Childhood ADHD: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Mindfulness-Based Programs for Children with Developmental Challenges

A systematic review of the benefits and mechanisms of family-based mind-body therapy programs targeting families of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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