The effects of micro- and nanoplastics on the central nervous system: A new threat to humanity?

Zheng, Yanxu; Xu, Shengchao; Liu, Jingyu; Liu, Zhixiong

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2024.153799

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Human MP exposure arises from both from use of items manufactured from plastic, and as a result of poor disposal of plastic waste that results in plastic pollution (6)(7)(8). Less clear are the human health implications of ingestion and inhalation of MPs by general populations, with considerable speculation available (9)(10)(11)(12), but a noteworthy paucity of compelling direct evidence for detrimental human clinical outcomes outside heavily contaminated industrial settings. Nevertheless, some compelling clinical data is emerging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics dysregulate innate immunity in the SARS-CoV-2 infected lung

Bishop,

Yan,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionGlobal microplastic (MP) pollution is now well recognized, with humans and animals consuming and inhaling MPs on a daily basis, with a growing body of concern surrounding the potential impacts on human health.MethodsUsing a mouse model of mild COVID-19, we describe herein the effects of azide-free 1 μm polystyrene MP beads, co-delivered into lungs with a SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 inoculum. The effect of MPs on the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was analysed using histopathology and RNA-Seq at 2 and 6 days post-infection (dpi).ResultsAlthough infection reduced clearance of MPs from the lung, virus titres and viral RNA levels were not significantly affected by MPs, and overt MP-associated clinical or histopathological changes were not observed. However, RNA-Seq of infected lungs revealed that MP exposure suppressed innate immune responses at 2 dpi and increased pro-inflammatory signatures at 6 dpi. The cytokine profile at 6 dpi showed a significant correlation with the ‘cytokine release syndrome’ signature observed in some COVID-19 patients.DiscussionThe findings are consistent with the recent finding that MPs can inhibit phagocytosis of apoptotic cells via binding of Tim4. They also add to a growing body of literature suggesting that MPs can dysregulate inflammatory processes in specific disease settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics dysregulate innate immunity in the SARS-CoV-2 infected lung

Bishop,

Yan,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Use of Cosmetics in Pregnancy and Neurotoxicity: Can It Increase the Risk of Congenital Enteric Neuropathies?

Jones,

Wessel,

Schäfer

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Pregnancy is a particularly vulnerable period for the growing fetus, when exposure to toxic agents, especially in the early phases, can decisively harm embryo development and compromise the future health of the newborn. The inclusion of various chemical substances in personal care products (PCPs) and cosmetic formulations can be associated with disruption and damage to the nervous system. Microplastics, benzophenones, parabens, phthalates and metals are among the most common chemical substances found in cosmetics that have been shown to induce neurotoxic mechanisms. Although cosmetic neurotoxin exposure is believed to be minimal, different exposure scenarios of cosmetics suggest that these neurotoxins remain a threat. Special attention should be paid to early exposure in the first weeks of gestation, when critical processes, like the migration and proliferation of the neural crest derived cells, start to form the ENS. Importantly, cosmetic neurotoxins can cross the placental barrier and affect the future embryo, but they are also secreted in breast milk, so babies remain exposed for longer periods, even after birth. In this review, we explore how neurotoxins contained in cosmetics and PCPs may have a role in the pathogenesis of various neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases and, therefore, also in congenital enteric aganglionosis as well as in postnatal motility disorders. Understanding the mechanisms of these chemicals used in cosmetic formulations and their role in neurotoxicity is crucial to determining the safety of use for cosmetic products during pregnancy.

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The effects of micro- and nanoplastics on the central nervous system: A new threat to humanity?

Cited by 2 publications

References 142 publications

Microplastics dysregulate innate immunity in the SARS-CoV-2 infected lung

Microplastics dysregulate innate immunity in the SARS-CoV-2 infected lung

Use of Cosmetics in Pregnancy and Neurotoxicity: Can It Increase the Risk of Congenital Enteric Neuropathies?

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