The effects of metals on a transcutaneous energy transmission system

Geselowtiz, D.B.; Hoang, Quyen; Gaumond, R.P.

doi:10.1109/10.256426

“…Although technically achievable, the sheer complexity of this system not only raised the risk of device failure but also significantly increased system cost. Another less obvious worry stemmed from the fact that metal objects placed in the vicinity of the coils were found to detune the circuit by altering their mutual inductance and effective series resistance (24,25). This power scheme therefore requires a rigid metallic enclosure (offset several inches from the external coil) to shield the transformer coils against environmental interference that could lead to system failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Mechanism for Capturing Muscle Power for Circulatory Support

Trumble

¹

,

Melvin

²

,

Byrne

³

et al. 2005

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Although it is now understood that trained skeletal muscle can generate enough steady-state power to provide significant circulatory support, there are currently no means by which to tap this endogenous energy source to aid the failing heart. To that end, an implantable muscle energy converter (MEC) has been constructed and its function has been improved to optimize durability, anatomic fit, and mechanical efficiency. Bench tests show that MEC transmission losses average less than 10% of total work input and that about 85% of this muscle power is successfully transferred to the working fluid of the pump. Results from canine implant trials confirm excellent biocompatibility and demonstrate that contractile work of the latissimus dorsi muscle-measured to 290 mJ/stroke in one dog-can be transmitted within the body at levels consistent with cardiac assist requirements. These findings suggest that muscle-powered cardiac assist devices are feasible and that efforts to further develop this technology are warranted.

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“…Although technically achievable, the sheer complexity of this system not only raised the risk of device failure but also significantly increased system cost. Another less obvious worry stemmed from the fact that metal objects placed in the vicinity of the coils were found to detune the circuit by altering their mutual inductance and effective series resistance (24,25). This power scheme therefore requires a rigid metallic enclosure (offset several inches from the external coil) to shield the transformer coils against environmental interference that could lead to system failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Mechanism for Capturing Muscle Power for Circulatory Support

Trumble

¹

,

Magovern

²

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although it is now understood that trained skeletal muscle can generate enough steady-state power to provide significant circulatory support, there are currently no means by which to tap this endogenous energy source to aid the failing heart. To that end, an implantable muscle energy converter (MEC) has been constructed and its function has been improved to optimize durability, anatomic fit, and mechanical efficiency. Bench tests show that MEC transmission losses average less than 10% of total work input and that about 85% of this muscle power is successfully transferred to the working fluid of the pump. Results from canine implant trials confirm excellent biocompatibility and demonstrate that contractile work of the latissimus dorsi muscle-measured to 290 mJ/stroke in one dog-can be transmitted within the body at levels consistent with cardiac assist requirements. These findings suggest that muscle-powered cardiac assist devices are feasible and that efforts to further develop this technology are warranted.

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“…Another heating mechanism is eddy and circular current heating. When magnetic fields pass through conductive material (packaging) such as titanium alloy, eddy and circular currents are generated, which results in increased heat because of I 2 R losses in the conductor (Geselowitz et al, 1992). The last mechanism for heat increase is a result of the direct absorption of electromagnetic energy by tissue called electromagnetic heating.…”

Section: Implant Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%