A detailed understanding of liquid propellant combustion is necessary for the development of improved and more reliable propulsion systems. This article describes experimental investigations aimed at providing such a fundamental basis for design and engineering of combustion components. It reports recent applications of imaging techniques to cryogenic combustion at high pressure. The flame structure is investigated in the transcritical range where the pressure exceeds the critical pressure of oxygen ðp > p c ðO 2 ¼ 5:04 MPaÞÞ but the temperature of the injected liquid oxygen is below its critical value ðT O2 < T c ðO 2 Þ ¼ 154 KÞ. Data obtained from imaging of OH Ã radicals emission, CH Ã radicals emission in the case of LOx=GCH 4 flames and backlighting provide a detailed view of the flame structure for a set of injection conditions. The data may be used to guide numerical modelling of transcritical flames and the theoretical and numerical analysis of the stabilization process. Calculations of the flame edge are used to illustrate this aspect. Results obtained may also be employed to devise engineering modelling tools and We wish to thank CNES, Snecma and CNRS for their continuous support of our work in rocket propulsion. The assistance of the ''Mascotte'' team of Onera under the leadership of Lucien Vingert and Mohamed Habiballah is gratefully acknowledged.