The effects of low-repetition and light-load power training on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with sarcopenia: a pilot study

Hamaguchi, Katsuhiko; Kurihara, Toshiyuki; Fujimoto, Masahiro; Iemitsu, Motoyuki; Sato, Koji; Hamaoka, Toshiyuki; Sanada, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0490-8

Cited by 32 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Past work has also examined the osteogenic effect of low‐repetition and light‐load power training on BMD in post‐menopausal women . Here, it was shown that wearing a weighted vest while performing squats, lunges, calf, and toe raises twice a week for 6 weeks leads to significantly greater BMD in the pelvis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Loading intensity of jumping exercises in post-menopausal women: Implications for osteogenic training

et al. 2018

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Post-menopausal women frequently exhibit low bone mineral density, and therefore, evidence-based exercises that induce osteogenic loading and prevent osteoporosis are often essential. The purpose of this study was to investigate the loading intensity of 3 different jumping exercises in post-menopausal women.Fourteen post-menopausal women participated in this study and completed a series of countermovement jumps, drop jumps, and hard landings. A full-body kinematic and kinetic analysis was performed to estimate the load intensity. Peak hip extensor moment and rate of moment change were significantly greater (P < .05; g 2 = 0.483-0.693) in the first landing of the drop jump than the countermovement jump and hard landing. Hip stiffness approached significance (P = .067), while peak vertical ground reaction force, vertical ground reaction force loading rate, and vertical ground reaction force index (peak*loading rate) were significantly greater (P < .01; g 2 = 0.259-0.864) during the hard landing. The drop jump and hard landing appear to generate the greatest loads at the highest rates and therefore are likely to have the largest osteogenic impact. Thus, future rehabilitation programs aimed at enhancing osteogenesis in post-menopausal women are encouraged to include these easily implemented jumping exercises. K E Y W O R D Sground reaction force, rate of moment change, stiffness

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Loading intensity of jumping exercises in post-menopausal women: Implications for osteogenic training

et al. 2018

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“…Bone is a dynamic organ that modulates the rate of new bone formation in response to varying levels of mechanical strain. Weight‐bearing exercises have been shown to increase bone density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in the general population . Because lower extremity paralysis is a contributing factor to disuse osteoporosis, reintroduction of mechanical loading may effectively stimulate bone regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weight-bearing exercises have been shown to increase bone density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in the general population. (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) Because lower extremity paralysis is a contributing factor to disuse osteoporosis, reintroduction of mechanical loading may effectively stimulate bone regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination Therapy With Zoledronic Acid and FES‐Row Training Mitigates Bone Loss in Paralyzed Legs: Results of a Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial

et al. 2019

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in rapid, severe osteoporosis and an increased risk of lower extremity fractures. Despite the medical complications associated with these fractures, there is no standard of care to prevent osteoporotic fractures following SCI. Functional electrical stimulation‐ (FES‐) assisted rowing is a promising intervention to improve bone health in SCI because of its ability to generate a muscular contraction in conjunction with mechanical loading of the lower extremity long bones. Combination therapy consisting of FES‐rowing plus zoledronic acid (ZA) may be a superior treatment via inhibition of bone resorption and stimulation of new bone formation. We studied participants enrolled in a randomized clinical trial comparing FES‐rowing alone with FES‐rowing plus ZA to improve bone health in SCI. Volumetric CT scans at the distal femur and proximal tibial metaphyses were performed. Bone geometric properties (cortical thickness index [CTI], cortical compressive strength index [CSI], buckling ratio [BR], bending strength index) and mineral (cortical bone volume [CBV], cortical bone mineral density, cortical bone mineral content) indices were determined. In models adjusting for baseline values, we found that the CBV ( p = 0.05 to 0.006), the CTI ( p = 0.009), and the BR ( p = 0.001) at both the distal femoral and proximal tibial metaphyses were greater in the ZA plus rowing group compared with the rowing‐only group. Similarly, there was a significant positive association between the total rowing work completed and the BR at the proximal tibia ( p = 0.05). A subgroup analysis of the rowing‐only arm showed that gains in the CSI at the tibial metaphysis varied in a dose‐dependent fashion based on the total amount of exercise performed ( p = 0.009). These findings demonstrate that the osteogenic response to FES‐rowing is dose‐dependent. Combination therapy with ZA and FES‐row training has therapeutic potential to improve bone quality, and perhaps reduce fracture risk at the most common fracture site following SCI. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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“…Weighted vests have been used as an intervention to improve strength and function in the older adult population (Bean et al 2002;Bean et al 2004;Greendale et al 1993;Greendale et al 2000;Salem et al 2004;Shaw and Snow 1998;Snow et al 2000). Recent research on weighted vest use has investigated its impact on body composition (Normandin et al 2018), bone metabolism (Hamaguchi et al 2017;Klentrou et al 2007;Roghani et al 2013), and lower extremity biomechanics (Mair et al 2014;Puthoff et al 2006). As a versatile intervention, weighted vests may optimize access to exercise modalities, at a low cost, in a home exercise program setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both loads were found to be ineffective at improving measures of strength and function (Greendale et al 2000). In the literature to date, weighted vest dosages have ranged from 0-20% of body weight (Greendale et al 2000;Hamaguchi et al 2017;Salem et al 2004;Shaw and Snow 1998) with no optimal dosage having been established for the use of this intervention in community dwelling older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weighted Vest Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study

Mierzwicki¹

2019

Physical Activity and Health

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Objectives:To determine if weighted vests dosed at 10% of body weight, when added to a home exercise program, provides stimulus sufficient to improve strength, sit to stand performance, and aerobic capacity in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Nineteen participants (mean age = 68.7 +/-5.9 SD) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 fashion into either an exercise only control group or an exercise plus weighted vest at 10% of body weight intervention group. All participants performed the same home exercise program consisting of eight open and closed kinetic chain lower extremity exercises, and a 30 minute walking program, 3x/wk for 12 weeks. Pre and post intervention data collection included: lower extremity muscle strength dynamometry, five time sit to stand, 30 second chair rise, two minute step and six minute walk tests. Results: Statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) were noted in 100% of weighted vest group and 42% of control group dependent variables. Between groups comparison demonstrated statistically significant improvements in the vest group relative to control group in 5/12 dependent variables (p < 0.05). Weighted vest intervention resulted in exceeding minimally clinically important differences in 6-minute walk test, 2-minute step test and 30-second chair rise test performance. Based on participant report, one half of weighted vest users reported difficulty with vest donning and doffing. Conclusions: Weighted vest use during exercise resulted in statistically and clinically greater improvements in strength, sit to stand performance, and aerobic capacity than exercise alone. Further research is required to determine optimal weighted vest dosage parameters to maximize functional gains while reducing the need for assistance with vest management.

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The effects of low-repetition and light-load power training on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with sarcopenia: a pilot study

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Loading intensity of jumping exercises in post-menopausal women: Implications for osteogenic training

Loading intensity of jumping exercises in post-menopausal women: Implications for osteogenic training

Combination Therapy With Zoledronic Acid and FES‐Row Training Mitigates Bone Loss in Paralyzed Legs: Results of a Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial

Weighted Vest Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study

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