The Effects of Lithium Salts on Brain Activity in the Cat

Barratt, Ernest S.; Creson, Daniel L.; Russell, Glenn V.

doi:10.1176/ajp.125.4.530

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In a search for brain correlates of these behaviors, an infrahuman research program paralleled my human-level research from 1963 to about 1976 (selected papers include Barratt, 1963aBarratt, , 1967aBarratt, Creson, & Russell, 1968;Francois, Barratt, & Harris, 1970;McDiarmid & Barratt, 1969). I conducted brain-behavioral experiments using acute and chronic preparations with implanted electrodes in monkeys and cats.…”

Section: In the Beginningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data.

Barratt

1993

The Impulsive Client: Theory, Research, and Treatment.

Self Cite

169

131

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This chapter will briefly review my impulsivity research and include selected "unpublished thoughts" that led to different directions of research for various time periods. Describing a research program in retrospect often makes the sequence of experiments and related hypotheses appear more rational than they really were at the time. The research program discussed in this chapter had a fortuitous beginning, a "searching for answers" midlife, and a conclusion that is still in progress. At this point, I believe it is important to define personality traits such as impulsivity and impulsiveness in a broad context.The main point I would like to make is that personality traits should be defined by other than self-report or rating scale procedures (the psychometric approach). It has traditionally been assumed that traits defined by the psychometric approach reflect a "true" nosology of "natural" events. Biological, behavioral, and cognitive correlates are then sought 39

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Section: In the Beginningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data.

Barratt

1993

The Impulsive Client: Theory, Research, and Treatment.

Self Cite

169

131

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show abstract

“…When administered through intracerebral 'chemitrodes' into the amygdala--hippocampus region, Li+ produces high-voltage l/s sharp waves and episodes of electrical after-discharge; after the disappearance of the local electric disturbance residual effects of the application of Li+ may be evoked by injection of either glutamate or acetylcholine (Delgado & DeFeudis, 1969 1966): alteration of amygdala-frontal evoked potentials (Barratt et al, 1968;Creson et al, 1967;Small et al, 1971)], the heart [T-wave depression possibly due to interference with myocardial repolarization (Schou, 1962)] and the rectal wall [increase of the transmucosal potential difference (Rask-Madsen et al, 1972)].…”

Section: Biochemical Society Transactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Mechanisms of Action of Lithium Salts: Approaches and Perspectives

Schou

1973

Biochemical Society Transactions

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Administration of lithium salts is used mainly as a treatment for recurrent endogenous affective disorders (review by Coppen, 1973). Lithium salts show a weak or moderate therapeutic action in already existing endogenous depression, they have a fairly strong therapeutic action in the manic phase of the disease, and when given as a maintenance treatment they exert a clear-cut stabilizing or prophylactic action so that further manic and depressive recurrences are attenuated or abolished. Discontinuation of the treatment with lithium salts leads to reappearance of the recurrences. This action pattern is not seen with any other drug, and the biochemical hypotheses proposed for the mode of action of the traditional antimanic and antidepressive drugs d o not seem to be adequate insofar as lithium salts are concerned. The ability of lithium salts to prevent both manic and depressive episodes indicates that Li+ acts on cerebral processes with a regulatory function, but these processes are as yet unknown, and no comprehensive and experimentally testable hypothesis has been advanced for the biochemical mechanism underlying the 'mood-normalizing' effects of lithium salts. Since the patients' brains cannot be subjected to direct biochemical examination, indirect approaches must be used. Among these is research on the biochemistry involved in the production of various extracerebral side effects of treatment with lithium salts:

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“…C = Control value under anesthesia (n = 7); D = disease, and 30, 60, and 90 min later. Barratt et al (1968Barratt et al ( , 1970. In these two experimental conditions, the EEG records were interpreted and quantified for the study of the predominant frequencies in the 0-and S-bands in order to calculate the ratio 0-rhythms/slow waves, described as R-index.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effects of Dihydroergotoxine (DHET) on CBF and Metabolism Changes Produced by Experimental Cerebral Edema, Hypoxia and Hypertension

Cahn¹,

Borzeix²

1978

Gerontology

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Dihydroergotoxine (DHET) perfused in the dog (100μg/kg) presenting a cerebral per-hypocapno-anemic syndrome reduces cerebral hyperemia, increases cerebral venous PO₂, despite the rise in CMRO₂ and favors glucose oxidation by the brain. DHET (20 mg/kg p.o.) is able to drop mean, diastolic and systolic arterial blood pressures in renal-hypertensive rats having a cerebral edema induced by triethyltin intoxication without affecting cerebral water and sodium levels which are increased in the controls. DHET (50 μg/kg i.v.) can also improve EEG changes produced by a traumatic edema but does not exert (200 μg/kg i.v.) any effect on EEG changes produced in the rabbit by lithium chloride intoxication.

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The Effects of Lithium Salts on Brain Activity in the Cat

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Impulsivity: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data.

Impulsivity: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data.

Possible Mechanisms of Action of Lithium Salts: Approaches and Perspectives

Comparative Effects of Dihydroergotoxine (DHET) on CBF and Metabolism Changes Produced by Experimental Cerebral Edema, Hypoxia and Hypertension

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