“…Typically teachers organize their foreign language instruction into three phases: before (pre-), during, and after (post-) listening, emphasizing different cognitive and metacognitive processes (Read et al, 2021). The reviewed literature reflects the need to utilize different techniques in listening comprehension such as videos with subtitles (Hayati & Mohmedi, 2011), movies (Dongkyoo, 2015), educational programs (Duolingo, Quizlet, LinguaLeo, LearningEnglishwithNewYorkTimes, Polihlot 16, EnglishPod -LearnEnglish, Bussu), (Yeremenko et al, 2020;Chaikovska et al, 2020). Researchers state that authentic materials and digital tools are closely interrelated since technology operates authentic materials Thus, Ted talks (Humeniuk, 2021), MALL and CALL technology (Morales and Beltrán, 2006), podcasting (Chaikovska, 2020;Hasan & Hoon, 2013) are argued to provide support for the development of listening comprehension, since it extends the practice out of the language classroom into everyday life, providing the students with the opportunity to diversify and contextualise their learning activities (Read et al, 2021;Rahimi & Katal, 2012;Huang &Sun, 2010).…”