The effects of liquid motion on ion mobility measurement in hexane

The behaviour of negative charge carriers in hexane

“…The upper extreme value for true mobility appears to be approximately 5 x cm2 v-l s-l. These mobility values are considerably less than those previously regarded as most probable, although they are similar to figures quoted by Gray (1967).…”

“…This action is perhaps most clearly demonstrated by Stuetzer's ion drag pump (1960) in which pressures up to 0.15 atm were developed in kerosene using a multi-stage corona-charged device. Despite this evidence, only in recent investigations (Gray andLewis 1965, Secker and has it been shown that bulk liquid movement must be considered as a source of error. It might be argued that for the low currents associated with charge migration through liquids, typically below 10-11 A, the induced liquid motion would be negligibly small.…”

Time-of-flight technique for mobility measurements in the condensed phase

“…The second physical effect often held responsible for errors in measured mobilities, as well as for poor precision, is liquid motion. [15][16][17][18] Here the solvent is said to be set in motion by the viscous drag of the ions as they translate across the cell, causing artificially high measured values for the mobilities. Such an effect should exhibit both a nonlinear dependence of the observed velocity on the electric field18 and a variation of the velocity with the distance traveled by the ion.…”

Activation of Molecular Oxygen by Metal Complexes and Its Role in the Mechanism of Liquid Phase Oxidation

“…It is now well-established that insulating liquids do not remain at rest when subjected to sufficiently strong electric fields (Ostrumov 1956, Middendorf and Brown 1958, Gray and Lewis 1965. Middendorf and Brown distinguish between two types of liquid movement: co-field motion along lines of the applied field and cross-field motion in a direction perpendicular to the applied field.…”