The Effects of Lipotropic Substances on Phospholipide Synthesis in Patients With and Without Chronic Hepatitis as Measured by Radioactive Phosphorus

Cayer, D; We, Cornatzer

doi:10.1097/00007611-194908000-00008

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The utilization of orally administered choline as measured by phospholipid turnover with P32 (14) cannot, at present, be correlated with the urinary excretion of TTMA since the latter does not reflect the fate of absorbed choline in the body. For this purpose, studies on the urinary excretion of intravenously administered choline, which are at present under way, appear more promising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Urinary Excretion of Choline Metabolites Following Choline Administration in Normals and Patients With Hepatobiliary Diseases 1

Huerga¹,

Pópper²

1951

J. Clin. Invest.

118

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Choline has been recommended for the treatment of hepatic diseases, especially those of nutritional origin, and for the prevention of arteriosclerosis. Little is known of its fate after oral or intravenous administration. A recent Spanish report (1) that patients with liver diseases and dogs with experimental hepatic damage excrete in the urine considerably more than normal of a substance precipitated by Reinecke salt (and considered as choline by the authors) after large doses of choline given orally, suggested that the utilization of choline might be altered in hepatobiliary disease. In addition, studies with radiophosphorous (2) indicate a reduced rate of phospholipid formation in the presence of hepatocellular damage and an increased rate in biliary obstruction, suggesting that less choline might appear in the urine than normal in obstructive jaundice and more than normal in liver cell damage.To test these hypotheses and to investigate the fate of choline after its oral adrministration 1 ) the identity of the reineckate precipitated from the urine was determined, and 2) the influence upon its excretion of physiologic conditions as well as hepatobiliary diseases was studied. MATERIALFour normal subj ects and 22 patients with various hepatobiliary diseases were given on separate occasions single doses of choline bicarbonate3 equivalent to 2-8 grams of choline base (230-920 mg. choline N). Their diets were not controlled. Urine samples, collected at various intervals, were preserved with 25 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid (diluted with equal parts of water) per liter of urine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Urinary Excretion of Choline Metabolites Following Choline Administration in Normals and Patients With Hepatobiliary Diseases 1

Huerga¹,

Pópper²

1951

J. Clin. Invest.

118

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“…The same test dose of choline given to a normal subject is not excreted in the urine, but is utilized presumably in the formation of phospholipid. Wastage of choline is probably associated with choline deficiency (18). Our studies indicate that the choline excretion which occurs in cases of choline deficiency probably is due to inability of the patient to utilize the choline to form phospholipid.…”

Section: Possible Relationship Between Arginine and Choline In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cayer and Cornatzer (18), using an isotopic technique, found that the administration of a large dose of choline to rats receiving a deficient diet, caused a marked stimulation of phospholipid turnover in the liver and plasma. This increased turnover was no longer obtained after an adequate diet was fed.…”

Section: Evidence For Dysfunction Of the Liver In Patients With Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Xix. Cancer and Dysfunction of the Liver*

Pelner¹

1961

J American Geriatrics Society

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMMany authorities have adduced evidence for the possibility of liver dysfunction in patients with cancer, and in experimental animals with transplanted cancer. Thus it has been known for a long time that the presence of a cancer anywhere in the body puts a strain on the liver.Recently, a book was published by the English surgeon, Kaspar Blond (I), whose central theme is that cancer is caused by certain toxins in the blood stream (and therefore also in certain organs), which are present only because they cannot be detoxified by a damaged liver. If the liver were not damaged, the toxins would be destroyed and no cancer would result. On this basis the prevention and treatment of cancer would be simple, a t least theoretically, even if it did not prove to be so simple in actuality. This theoretical concept seems of such importance, however, that it was thought worth while to examine again the basis for the reports of liver dysfunction in cancer patients and in cancer-bearing animals. EVIDENCE FOR LIVER DYSFUNCTION IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS WITH TRANSPLAXTED TUMORSGreenstein (2), in normal and caiicerous animals, investigated under the same conditions a number of chemical and enzymatic systems in tissues which were located a t a distance from the tumor. None of these animals had metastases and they were in a good nutritional state. Greenstein was surprised to find that nearly all enzyme systems in the tissues studied were a t nearly the same level in normal and in cancer-bearing animals. There was only one enzyme system, catalase, and only in the liver, which was markedly affected by the presence of a cancer elsewhere in the body. Some suggestion of this phenomenon had already been reported years earlier by Brahn (3).Catalase is a hematoporphyrin enzyme that acts on hydrogen peroxide and decomposes it to water and oxygen. When liver homogenates, prepared under identical conditions from normal and cancer-bearing animals were compared, the rate of evolution of oxygen from added hydrogen peroxide was always less in cancer-bearing animals. There always was less catalase activity per unit of nitrogen of tissue in the livers of cancer-bearing animals. Other enzyme systems such as cytochrome C, cytochrome oxidase, or acid and alkaline phosphatase, were always a t normal levels in the same livers of cancer-bearing animals which simultaneously showed the marked decrease in catalase levels (2).

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Editorials

Pelner¹,

Waldman²

1952

Amer. Jour. Dig. Dis.

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The Effects of Lipotropic Substances on Phospholipide Synthesis in Patients With and Without Chronic Hepatitis as Measured by Radioactive Phosphorus

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Urinary Excretion of Choline Metabolites Following Choline Administration in Normals and Patients With Hepatobiliary Diseases 1

Urinary Excretion of Choline Metabolites Following Choline Administration in Normals and Patients With Hepatobiliary Diseases 1

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Xix. Cancer and Dysfunction of the Liver*

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