The Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the Prevention of Asthma in a Murine Model

Abstract

PurposeLactobacilli are probiotic bacteria that are effective in the management of allergic diseases or gastroenteritis. It is hypothesized that such probiotics have immunoregulatory properties and promote mucosal tolerance. Our goal was to investigate whether Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus Lcr35 could inhibit airway inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of asthma.MethodsBALB/c mice aged 6 weeks were used in the present study. Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus Lcr35 was administered daily, starting 1 week prior to the first OVA sensitization (group 1) and 2 days before the first 1% OVA airway challenge (group 2). Mice that received only saline at both sensitization and airway challenge time points were used as negative controls (group 3), and those that had OVA-induced asthma were used as positive controls (group 4). Airway responsiveness to methacholine was assessed, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. At the endpoint of the study, total IgE as well as OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a in serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung pathology was also evaluated.ResultsAirway hyperresponsiveness, total cell counts and the proportion of eosinophils in BAL fluid were significantly decreased in group 1 compared with group 4 (P<0.05). Total serum IgE levels were also significantly decreased in group 1 compared with group 4. Serum levels of OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a were not significantly influenced by treatment with Lcr35. There was significantly less peribronchial and perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells in group 1 compared with group 4; however, there were no significant differences in methacholine challenge, BAL, serology or histology between groups 2 and 4.ConclusionsOral treatment with Lcr35 prior to sensitization can attenuate airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. These results suggest that Lcr35 may have potential for preventing asthma.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Suppresses Asthmatic Responses via CD4+CD25+Regulatory T Cells and Dendritic Cells

“…BAL was performed as described previously 29. Briefly, the trachea was immediately exposed after anesthesia.…”

The immunomodulatory effect of probiotics beyond atopy: an update

“…Recently, successful probiotic treatments in animal models of asthma have been described [122][123][124], showing in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation as some probiotic species, such as oral L. rhamnosus (Lcr35), treatment prior to allergic sensitization can attenuate airway inflammation and hyperreactivity [124]. However, the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics on the development of allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis in human clinical trials and reported cases remain controversial [125][126][127][128].…”

Dietary or Supplementary Intake Modulates Inflammatory Response in Asthma Response in Asthma

“…Perinatal Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) supplementation has beneficial effects on the development of allergic asthma in offspring [63]. Oral treatment with LGG prior to sensitization attenuated airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation [64]. Oral treatment with live Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) significantly attenuated influx of eosinophils into the airway lumen and parenchyma and reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-5, and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of antigen-challenged animals [65].…”