The effects of irradiance levels and spectral composition on mating strategies in the snow alga, Chloromonas sp.-D, from the Tughill Plateau, New York State

Hoham, Ronald W.; Schlag, Erin M.; Kang, Jennifer Yusun; Hasselwander, Andrew J.; Behrstock, Alissa F.; Blackburn, Ian R.; Johnson, Rurik C.; Roemer, Stephen C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(199808/09)12:10/11<1627::aid-hyp685>3.3.co;2-a

Cited by 12 publications

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“…Interestingly, the data presented here suggests that temperature optima relate to their phylogenetic history, unlike pH optima (Hoham et al, 2007), which appear to be dictated more by the pH of the habitat in which snow algae live. Hoham et al (1998Hoham et al ( , 2006 Photoperiod (hours, light:dark) unknown .20:4 .20:4 Hoham et al (2000, unpubl.) Temperature (uC) 4-15 2.5-5.0 2.5-5.0 This study Life cycle Asexual only (no mating types)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Cr. rosae v. psychrophila, GE Cool White fluorescent lighting was at an irradiance level of 75-140 mmol photons m 22 s 21 with a 16:8 hour (light:dark) photoperiod, which followed procedures of Hoham and Mohn (1985) and Hoham et al (1998) for Whiteface Mountain, NY. For Cr.…”

Section: Collection Sites Preacclimation and Photoperiodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies that have examined the ecology and life history of a single species (autecological) have revealed a better understanding of the optimal conditions under which snow algae live (Hoham et al, 1998(Hoham et al, , 2000(Hoham et al, , 2006(Hoham et al, , 2007. Obligate snow algae have optimal growth at temperatures below 10uC and do not grow above that temperature (Hoham, 1975a(Hoham, , 1980.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimum Growth Temperatures of Three Species of Green Chloromonas Snow Algae from Upstate New York and the White Mountains, Arizona

Hoham

Frey

Mohn

et al. 2008

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collection Sites Preacclimation and Photoperiodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimum Growth Temperatures of Three Species of Green Chloromonas Snow Algae from Upstate New York and the White Mountains, Arizona

Hoham

Frey

Mohn

et al. 2008

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…Specimens collected in New Zealand were prepared for TEM by fixing in 2% OsO 4 , 0.1 M cacodylate buffer for 30 min, initially on ice to avoid destruction of the cells, and then allowed to warm to room temperature. Gluteraldehyde fixation was omitted following trials, showing that this damaged the cell contents more than OsO 4 alone (an observation previously noted in biflagellate snow algae at the LM level; Hoham et al 1998). The specimens were dehydrated in an ethanol series and embedded in Spurr's resin (Spurr 1969).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TWO SNOW SPECIES OF THE QUADRIFLAGELLATE GREEN ALGACHLAINOMONAS(CHLOROPHYTA, VOLVOCALES): ULTRASTRUCTURE AND PHYLOGENETIC POSITION WITHIN THE CHLOROMONAS CLADE¹

Novis

Hoham

Beer

et al. 2008

Journal of Phycology

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The quadriflagellate snow alga Chlainomonas Christen, distributed in New Zealand and North America, has several unusual structural attributes. A process assumed to be cytokinesis involves extrusion of protoplasm from the parent through a narrow canal, C. kolii (J. T. Hardy et Curl) Hoham produces a net-like outer envelope rather than a cell wall, and the flagellar basal apparatus of Chlainomonas consists of two semi-independent pairs of basal bodies. Structural connections between basal body pairs appear minimal, but a connecting system different from that observed in other genera exists within each pair. Phylogenetic analysis using rbcL sequences places Chlainomonas in the Chloromonas clade, other known members of which are all biflagellate. Chlainomonas is split into two robust lineages, with New Zealand collections sharing an origin with northern North American collections. Although the quadriflagellate condition is regarded as ancestral in the Chlorophyceae, we speculate-based on ultrastructural and molecular data presented here-that Chlainomonas represents a derived form that has arisen from fusion of two ancestral biflagellate cells. Other explanations (for example, that Chlainomonas represents a diploid form of a biflagellate species) are remotely possible but are presently at odds with extensive observations of field material. Improvements in techniques for experimental manipulation of these sensitive cryophiles will be required to fully characterize their structure and progress our understanding of their biology.

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“…Transmittance through snow is wavelength dependent; snow absorbs nearinfrared light most strongly and transmits green (31) or blue (29) light farthest. There have been numerous theoretical (28,29,32) and empirical (30,31,33,34) studies of light transmittance through snow; for our purposes the empirical approach is more useful because the parameters necessary to calculate light transmittance are difficult to determine, vary within the snowpack and change through the day and season. All the empirical studies of which we are aware have measured irradiance: light (measured in energy or photon units) incident on a flat surface of unit area, a cosine-corrected signal coming from one hemisphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Light Environment and Cellular Optics of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis (Bauer) Wille†¶

Gorton

Williams

Vogelmann

2007

Photochemistry and Photobiology

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The alga Chlamydomonas nivalis lives in a high-light, cold environment: persistent alpine snowfields. Since the algae in snow receive light from all angles, the photon fluence rate is the critical parameter for photosynthesis, but it is rarely measured. We measured photon irradiance and photon fluence rate in the snow that contained blooms of C. nivalis. On a cloudless day the photon fluence rate at the snow surface was nearly twice the photon irradiance, and it can be many times greater than the photon irradiance when the solar angle is low or the light is diffuse. Beneath the surface the photon fluence rate can be five times the photon irradiance. Photon irradiance and photon fluence rate declined exponentially with depth, approximating the Bouguer-Lambert relationship. We used an integrating sphere to measure the spectral characteristics of a monolayer of cells and microscopic techniques to examine the spectral characteristics of individual cells. Astaxanthin blocked blue light and unknown absorbers blocked UV radiation; the penetration of these wavelengths through whole cells was negligible. We extracted astaxanthin, measured absorbance on a per-cell basis and estimated that the layer of astaxanthin within cells would allow only a small percentage of the blue light to reach the chloroplast, potentially protecting the chloroplast from excessive light. ‡Abbreviations: CCD, charge-coupled device; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

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The effects of irradiance levels and spectral composition on mating strategies in the snow alga, Chloromonas sp.-D, from the Tughill Plateau, New York State

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Optimum Growth Temperatures of Three Species of Green Chloromonas Snow Algae from Upstate New York and the White Mountains, Arizona

Optimum Growth Temperatures of Three Species of Green Chloromonas Snow Algae from Upstate New York and the White Mountains, Arizona

TWO SNOW SPECIES OF THE QUADRIFLAGELLATE GREEN ALGACHLAINOMONAS(CHLOROPHYTA, VOLVOCALES): ULTRASTRUCTURE AND PHYLOGENETIC POSITION WITHIN THE CHLOROMONAS CLADE¹

The Light Environment and Cellular Optics of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis (Bauer) Wille†¶

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The effects of irradiance levels and spectral composition on mating strategies in the snow alga, Chloromonas sp.-D, from the Tughill Plateau, New York State

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Optimum Growth Temperatures of Three Species of Green Chloromonas Snow Algae from Upstate New York and the White Mountains, Arizona

Optimum Growth Temperatures of Three Species of Green Chloromonas Snow Algae from Upstate New York and the White Mountains, Arizona

TWO SNOW SPECIES OF THE QUADRIFLAGELLATE GREEN ALGACHLAINOMONAS(CHLOROPHYTA, VOLVOCALES): ULTRASTRUCTURE AND PHYLOGENETIC POSITION WITHIN THE CHLOROMONAS CLADE1

The Light Environment and Cellular Optics of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis (Bauer) Wille†¶

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TWO SNOW SPECIES OF THE QUADRIFLAGELLATE GREEN ALGACHLAINOMONAS(CHLOROPHYTA, VOLVOCALES): ULTRASTRUCTURE AND PHYLOGENETIC POSITION WITHIN THE CHLOROMONAS CLADE¹