The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin composites: Roughness, surface hardness, and scanning electron microscopy analysis

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of extrinsic or intrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin materials in vitro. A total of 90 disks were prepared using dental restorative material (Filtek Z350XT, GrandioSO, Filtek Bulk Fill, X‐tra fil). Thirty disks of each material were sub‐divided into three groups (n = 10) that were immersed for 7 days in deionized water (DW), 5% citric acid (CA—pH 2.1), or 0.1% hydrochloric acid (HCl—pH = 1.2). Surface hardness and roughness (stylus profilometer by Ra parameter) analysis were performed before and after immersion. Morphological changes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). All tested materials did not show significant differences in the effects of the DW, CA, or HCl solutions on surface roughness (p = .368). Likewise, the hardness loss was not affected by the solutions tested (p = .646), but there was a difference in the resin type (p = .002). Filtek Bulk Fill resin hardness was less affected, while Filtek Z350XT and GrandioSO presented the most hardness loss after 7 days of solution immersion. In terms of this experimental study, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the mechanical properties (roughness and hardness surface) of nanofilled and bulk fill resin materials to resist erosion from extrinsic and intrinsic acids, therefore being potential candidates for dental applications.

Surface degradation and biofilm formation on hybrid and nanohybrid composites after immersion in different liquids

“…However, microhardness values at 15 and 30 days were lower for orange juice than for cola drink, except for nanohybrid RBCs stored for 30 days, for which the decrease in surface microhardness was greater for cola drink. Contrary to the present results, Kurt et al [38] found no correlation between surface roughness and biofilm formation in specimens exposed to different beverages, and Alencar et al [39] reported that the surface properties of RBCs did not change after immersion in citric acid, hydrochloric acid, or deionized water (P > 0.05).…”

Effect of Mouthwashes for COVID-19 Prevention on Surface Changes of Resin Composites

“…Regarding color stability, the results of this study presented that the four resin composites tested showed color changes after immersion in mouthwash. This is consistent with previous studies 15 , 18 which have stated that the reasons for color changes included hydrolysis of the resin matrix, contact with acidic agents and the water-absorbing properties of the materials. Due to the composition of resin composite material, SonicFil 2 contains a TEGDMA resin matrix, which is a reducing viscosity agent of resin composite containing a highly efficient ethoxy group for forming hydrogen bonds with water.…”

“…Resin composite with small filler size has less surface roughness than that with large filler size. 15 Therefore, Premise and SonicFil 2 had higher roughness values than Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative and Filtek Z350XT after the immersion period due to Premise and SonicFil 2 having a larger filler size than Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative and Filtek Z350XT, which is in agreement with Akarin et al 8…”

Nanoleakage Evaluation of Nano-Filled Resin Composite using Different Adhesive Systems at Different Dentin Depth

“…There's no macro-mechanical undercuts present, requiring at least 50% of dentin bonding (12) . Nano filled resin composite (Filtek Z350 XT) was used in our study has a forming of nanocluster in a broad range of sizes enabling a high filler loading hence high strength and wear resistance, and it was used since filler technology might significantly influence the dental composite performance (13) . Total-etch technique was applied because a phosphoric acid etching step is utilized to modify both the dentin and enamel surfaces allowing adhesives penetration into the tooth surfaces (14) .…”