The effects of intravenous guanethidine on the systemic and pulmonary circulations in man

Taylor, Stanley H.; Sutherland, George R.; Hutchison, D. C. S.; Kidd, Bruce; Robertson, Peter C.; Kennelly, Brian M.; Donald, K. W.

doi:10.1016/0002-8703(62)90200-4

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The observation that the lactate-pyruvate ratio is not at its lowest in the resting and fasting state suggests that it is either a less direct reflection of the reduction oxygenation potential than previously supposed, or that this potential is improved by a short period of light exercise. The latter possibility is worthy of consideration, since the circulatory and respiratory status of a subject is frequently more stable after a short period of light exercise than in the pre-exercising resting phase (37). It is possible that the prolonged period of rest and fasting for several hours, often overnight, was responsible for the low pyruvate concentrations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactate and pyruvate metabolism in the exercising ischemic limb.

Pentecost¹,

Reid²,

Reid³

1966

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactate and pyruvate metabolism in the exercising ischemic limb.

Pentecost¹,

Reid²,

Reid³

1966

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…3 ' 4 Other investigators, however, baA' e reported unchanged cardiac output and diminished peripheral resistance. 5 ' ° Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow fall after guanethidine 3 ' 7 and a slight reduction in renal resistance may occur. 3 ' 8 Adequate studies on the effect on splanchnic blood flow have not been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamic Effects of Guanethidine in Man

Cohn

Liptak

Freis

1963

Circulation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Guanethidine was administered in a single intravenous infusion to supine hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Hemodynamic changes during the transient pressor phase were consistent with catechol amine effect. The later hypotensive effect occurred only in the hypertensive subjects and was usually associated with a slight decrease in cardiac output in patients without cardiac decompensation and a slight increase in output in those with congestive heart failure. Total peripheral resistance decreased although there was an increase in splanchnic vascular resistance and a decrease in the percentage of the cardiac output perfusing the hepatic-portal bed. Tests of sympathetic nervous system activity revealed that, although the Valsalva "overshoot" usually was blocked, complete inhibition of digital vasoconstrictor reflexes did not always occur and vascular responsiveness to tyramine and ephedrine was not diminished up to six hours following intravenous guanethidine. Tyramine responses were also demonstrated in a group of patients on effective long-term oral therapy with guanethidine. These studies suggest that guanethidine has unique hemodynamic effects not necessarily shared by ganglionic blocking agents, bretylium tosylate, or reserpine. Catechol amine depletion probably is not important in the mechanism of the antihypertensive and sympathetic inhibitory actions in man, and the possibility of an additional non-adrenergic effect is considered.

show abstract

“…In spite of the hemodynamic benefits that may possibly result from any reduction in the pulmonary hypertension, the concomitant reduction in the systemic vascular resistance that would necessarily follow administration of the drug could prove, on occasion, to be extremely hazardous. Such events have been previously observed with the administration of priscoline (Mackinnon et al, 1956) and bretylium (Taylor and Donald, 1960) to patients with mitral valve disease in whom these adrenergic blocking drugs were administered in an attempt to lower the raised pulmonary vascular resistance. Similarly, phentolamine could be expected to be of little value against the pulmonary hypertension of chronic pulmonary parenchymal disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Exogenously administered catecholamines are known to produce small but definite changes in the pulmonary circulation with an increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance (Patel, Lange, and Hecht, 1958;Taylor et al, 1965a). However, in all of these studies the changes in pulmonary resistance reported were quite small in spite of the relatively large amounts of catecholamines administered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evidence is even more conclusive with regard to the role of the sympathetic blocking activity of the drug on the pulmonary circulation. The administration of far more potent sympathetic blocking drugs has little or no vasodilator effect on the pulmonary circulation of normal subjects (Taylor and Donald, 1960;Harris, Bishop, and Segel, 1961;Taylor et al, 1962). It is unlikely that the weak sympathetic blocking activities of phentolamine (Walker et al, 1950;Taylor et al, 1965e, 1965f) would have any significant part to play in the changes observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Adrenergic Blockade on the Pulmonary Circulation in Man

Taylor¹,

Mackenzie²,

George³

et al. 1967

Survey of Anesthesiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Though the pulmonary blood vessels appear to be abundantly supplied with autonomic neurones from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, the functional activities of these fibres in man continue to elude precise definition. Equally obscure is the part played in the maintenance of normal pulmonary vascular tone by the endogenous circulating catecholamines.In this latter respect, previously reported studies, which appear to have been entirely concerned with the effects of adrenergic blocking agents in patients suffering from severe pulmonary vascular diseases, have yielded largely irreconcilable results. Further, there appear to be no reports of the effect of these drugs on the systemic venous pressure of man. The present report, part of a larger study of the over-all circulatory effects of one of these agents, phentolamine, concerns an analysis of the effects of this drug on the pulmonary and venous circulations of normal subjects and of patients suffering from hypertensive vascular disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODSClinical Data. Studies were made on 6 normal subjects and 6 hypertensive patients; details of each are listed in Table I.All the hypertensive patients were considered to be suffering from essential hypertension on the basis of the usual diagnostic clinical criteria. None had any symptoms referable to the cardiovascular system except patient A.A., who had mild exertional dyspncra. In 5 of the 6 patients the resting diastolic pressure, recorded in the supine position, exceeded 120 mm. Hg. In 4 of the hypertensive patients (E.B., J.W., J.N., and F.E.) there was no radiological or electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular enlargement. In the remaining 2 patients there was radiological evidence of cardiac hypertrophy without dilatation and in both instances this was associated with electrocardiographic changes indicative of moderate left ventricular hypertrophy. The optic fundi were without papilloedema, hkmorrhages, or exudates in all 6 hypertensive patients; routine tests of renal function were also within normal limits and arteriographs showed no evidence of renal vascular disease. The 24-hour urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid was within normal limits in all the hypertensive patients.Plan of Investigation. The investigation was designed to study the changes occurring in the pulmonary circulation following the abrupt intravenous injection of phentolamine in the dose usually used in clinical diagnostic procedures. In all individuals pulmonary arterial and wedge pressures, systemic arterial and right atrial pressures, cardiac output, and heart rate were measured during a control period of 10 minutes and then for a further 30 minutes following the rapid intravenous injection of 5 mg. phentolamine in a volume of 2 ml.; the injection was completed within two seconds.All vascular pressures and heart rate were recorded continuously throughout the study. Cardiac output was determined on alternate minutes during the control period, every minute for the 6 minutes after injection of th...

show abstract

The effects of intravenous guanethidine on the systemic and pulmonary circulations in man

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Lactate and pyruvate metabolism in the exercising ischemic limb.

Lactate and pyruvate metabolism in the exercising ischemic limb.

Hemodynamic Effects of Guanethidine in Man

Effects of Adrenergic Blockade on the Pulmonary Circulation in Man

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About