The Effects of Intimate Partner Violence on the Early Caregiving System

Levendosky, Alytia A.; Bogat, G. Anne; Bernard, Nicola K.; Garcia, Antonia M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-65724-0_3

“…Some of the most troubling consequences of chronic stress (poverty, depression, domestic violence, and addiction) are related to compromised parent-child interactions resulting in poor childhood developmental outcomes (De Falco et al, 2014;Levendosky, Bogat, Bernard, & Garcia, 2018;Righetti-Veltema, Bousquet, & Manzano, 2003). A parent experiencing chronic stress often misses their child's cues and fails to respond with feedback appropriate to their child's developmental expectations (Forman et al, 2007;Levendosky, Huth-Bocks, Shapiro, & Semel, 2003).…”

Section: Impact Of Chronic Stress On Parent-child Interaction and Chimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic stressors such as family violence may undermine parenting quality culminating in negative child developmental outcomes (Fosco, DeBoard, & Grych, 2007). Unsurprisingly, studies have shown that children with exposure to family violence exhibit emotional and/or behavioral problems (Graham-Bermann, Gruber, Howell, & Girz, 2009;Grych, Fincham, Jouriles, & McDonald, 2000;Levendosky et al, 2018;Levendosky, Leahy, Bogat, Davidson, & von Eye, 2006). Another source of chronic stress is maternal addiction, which has been linked to poor parent-child interaction quality (Suchman, Rounsaville, DeCoste, & Luthar, 2007) and negative developmental outcomes in children (Brakenhoff, Wu, & Slesnick, 2018;Hser et al, 2015).…”

Section: Impact Of Chronic Stress On Parent-child Interaction and Chimentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Attachment and Child Health Parent Training Program on Parent–Child Interaction Quality and Child Development

Anis

¹

,

Letourneau

²

,

Benzies

³

et al. 2020

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Background Exposure to chronic stressors (poverty, addiction, family violence) in early life can derail children’s development. Interventions focused on parental reflective function may promote parents’ abilities to regulate their feelings and behaviors toward their children and buffer the impact of chronic stressors on children’s development by nurturing high-quality parent–child interaction. Purpose To test the effectiveness of parental reflective function-focused intervention entitled Attachment and Child Health on parent–child interaction and child development. Methods We conducted two pilots with vulnerable mothers and children <36 months. Randomized controlled trial (n = 20) and quasi-experimental (n = 10) methods tested the effect of Attachment and Child Health on parent–child interaction via Parent–Child Interaction Teaching Scale (PCITS) and on child development via Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) and Ages and Stages Questionnaire—Social Emotional (ASQSE). We employed analysis of covariance and t-tests to examine the outcomes. Results For randomized controlled trial, we found significant improvements in PCITS parent total, combined total, and cognitive growth fostering scores, and ASQ-3 personal-social scores post-intervention. For quasi-experimental study, we found significant improvements in PCITS combined total, sensitivity to cues, response to child’s distress, and responsiveness to caregiver scores. Conclusion Incorporating Attachment and Child Health contributed to effective programming for vulnerable families with young children.

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“…Different theoretical explanations have been provided on the pathways through which IPV during pregnancy lead to the increased risk of neonatal/newborn death. One pathway is that exposure to various forms of abuse during pregnancy is associated with poor maternal nutrition [4] and elevated maternal stress levels [17], both of which are linked with low infant birth weights [18][19][20], which when combined with poor neonatal nursing of the abused mothers [21] can contribute for increased risks of neonatal death [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and Neonatal Mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A Population Based Matched Case-Control Study

Ashenafi

¹

,

Mengistie

²

,

Egata

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

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Background: Intimate partner physical, sexual and psychological abuses and controlling behaviors against pregnant women are common in low-income settings. In Ethiopia, different forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is highly prevalent and neonatal mortality has been one of the health indicators that did not show significant improvement in the country despite a significant reduction in under-five mortality. We aimed to examine whether exposure to different forms of IPV during pregnancy is associated with neonatal mortality.Methods: A population based matched case–control study was conducted from January to October 2018 in Eastern Ethiopia. A sample of 103 cases (biological mothers of deceased neonates) and 412 controls (biological mothers of survived neonates) were included in the study. The cases and controls were matched for date of birth, sex of the newborn and place of residences. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess association between IPV during pregnancy and neonatal mortality, controlling for selected potential confounders.Results: After controlling for potential confounding factors (pregnancy and obstetric as well socio-demographic characteristics) sexual violence during pregnancy [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.20: 95% CI: 1.09-9.33] and husband/partner controlling behavior (AOR=2.42: 95% CI: 1.06-5.51) were found to be significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Psychological and physical violence during pregnancy did not show significant associations with the neonatal mortality.Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is strongly associated with intimate partner sexual violence and controlling behaviors during pregnancy. Involving men in maternal health programs is imperative to address issues of violence in pregnancy and promote maternal well being and child health.

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“…Different theoretical explanations have been provided on the pathways through which IPV during pregnancy lead to the increased risk of neonatal/newborn death. One pathway is that exposure to various forms of abuse during pregnancy is associated with poor maternal nutrition [4] and elevated maternal stress levels [17], both of which are linked with low infant birth weights [18][19][20], which when combined with poor neonatal nursing of the abused mothers [21] can contribute for increased risks of neonatal death [22,23]. The other possible pathway is that women in abusive or controlled relationships might have limited household decision autonomy and use of MCH services [24] which could indirectly contribute to poor newborn health and survival [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and neonatal mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A population based matched case-control study

Ashenafi¹,

Mengistie²,

Egata³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Intimate partner physical, sexual and psychological abuses and controlling behaviors against pregnant women are common in low-income settings. In Ethiopia, different forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is highly prevalent and neonatal mortality has been one of the health indicators that did not show significant improvement in the country despite a significant reduction in under-five mortality. We aimed to examine whether exposure to different forms of IPV during pregnancy is associated with neonatal mortality.Methods: A population based matched case–control study was conducted from January to October 2018 in Eastern Ethiopia. A sample of 103 cases (biological mothers of deceased neonates) and 412 controls (biological mothers of survived neonates) were included in the study. The cases and controls were matched for date of birth, sex of the newborn and place of residences. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess association between IPV during pregnancy and neonatal mortality, controlling for selected potential confounders.Results: After controlling for potential confounding factors (pregnancy and obstetric as well socio-demographic characteristics) sexual violence during pregnancy [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.20: 95% CI: 1.09-9.33] and husband/partner controlling behavior (AOR=2.42: 95% CI: 1.06-5.51) were found to be significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Psychological and physical violence during pregnancy did not show significant associations with the neonatal mortality.Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is strongly associated with intimate partner sexual violence and controlling behaviors during pregnancy. Involving men in maternal health programs is imperative to address issues of violence in pregnancy and promote maternal well being and child health.

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The Effects of Intimate Partner Violence on the Early Caregiving System

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Effect of the Attachment and Child Health Parent Training Program on Parent–Child Interaction Quality and Child Development

Effect of the Attachment and Child Health Parent Training Program on Parent–Child Interaction Quality and Child Development

Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and Neonatal Mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A Population Based Matched Case-Control Study

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and neonatal mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A population based matched case-control study

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