The effects of interactions on the properties of acrylic polymers/silica hybrid materials prepared by the in situ sol-gel process

Huang, Zhiyuan; Qiu, Kun Yuan

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00561-7

Cited by 163 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The low increment of T g in the PCL-g-AA/TiO 2 hybrid might have been due to the low grafting percentage (about 6.05 wt %) of the PCL-g-AA copolymer because the increment of T g is dependent on the number of functional groups in the copolymer matrix able to react with the residual titanium-bonded isopropyl groups in the titania network. 41 With titania content above 10 wt %, excess titania particles were dispersed physically in the polymer matrix. Such excess particles might have caused separation of the organic and inorganic phases and lowered their compatibility, causing the T g of both hybrids to drop from its maximum value.…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Hybrids (Dsc and Tga Tests)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ polymerization of titanium isopropoxide in polycaprolactone: Properties and characterization of the hybrid nanocomposites

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:In this study, tetra isopropyl ortho titanate (TTIP) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were chosen as the ceramic precursor and the continuous phase, respectively, for the preparation of novel nanocomposites by using an in situ sol-gel process. In addition, acrylic acid grafted polycaprolactone (PCL-g-AA) was investigated as an alternative to PCL. The hybrids (PCL/TiO 2 and PCL-g-AA/TiO 2 ) were characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and Instron mechanical testing. It was found that the carboxylic acid groups of acrylic acid acted as coordination sites for the titania phase to form chemical bonds, thus improving the properties of the acrylic acid grafted composite compared with its acrylicacid-free counterpart. The TiO 2 content also determined the strength of interfacial bonding between the polymer chains and the ceramic phase, as shown by changes in glass transition temperature (T g ) with TiO 2 content. The maximum values of tensile strength and T g were obtained with the PCL-g-AA/TiO 2 composite at 10 wt % TiO 2 . At TiO 2 contents above this, excess particles led to segregation between the organic and inorganic phases.

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Section: Thermal Stability Of Hybrids (Dsc and Tga Tests)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ polymerization of titanium isopropoxide in polycaprolactone: Properties and characterization of the hybrid nanocomposites

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…It can be seen from Table 2 that the effect of silica content on T g value reveals a maximum value of T g at about 9 wt% SiO 2 for POE/SiO 2 and POE-g-AA/SiO 2 hybrids. This phenomenon might be due to the low grafting percentage (about 5.65 wt%) of POE-g-AA copolymer, since the increment of T g depends on the amount of functional groups in the copolymer matrix that can react with the residual silanol groups in the silica network [34]. When the silica content was greater than 9 wt%, the presence of excess silica particles was only dispersed physically in the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Hybrids (Dsc and Tga Tests)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyethylene-octene elastomer/silica hybrids prepared by a sol-gel process using tetraethoxysiliane

Wu¹,

Liao²

2003

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Abstract-In this study, new organic-inorganic hybrid composites were prepared by means of an in situ sol-gel process. The polymer used as the continuous phase was the metallocene polyethylene-octene elastomer (POE) or the acrylic acid grafted polyethylene-octene elastomer (POE-g-AA). The silica forming the inorganic phase was produced by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in polymers. Characterizations of POE-g-AA/ SiO 2 and POE / SiO 2 hybrids were performed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, 29 Si solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry,X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, differentialscanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis and Instron mechanical tester. We found that the POEg-AA/ SiO 2 hybrid could enhance the properties of the POE / SiO 2 hybrid, since the interfacial forces of the former are the covalent Si O C and hetero-associatedhydrogen bonds but the latter only has weaker hydrogen bonds. The result of 29 Si solid-state NMR spectra showed that Si atom coordination around SiO 4 units is predominantly Q 3 and Q 4 . It was also found that the POE-g-AA/ SiO 2 hybrid with 9 wt% SiO 2 gave the maximum value of tensile strength since excess particles might cause the separation between the organic and inorganic phases when the silica content was beyond this point.

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“…When PMMA is combined with inorganic materials such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 or zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) at the nanometer level, the resulting hybrid materials have high strength and thermal stability. 22,23 In studies of PMMA/inorganic oxide materials, the inorganic network in hybrid materials is generally prepared from metal alkoxides [24][25][26] or colloidal inorganic nanoparticles. [27][28][29][30] There are many reports that base the preparation of PMMA/SiO 2 hybrid materials on unfunctionalized and trialkoxysilyl-functionalized acrylic polymers using an in situ sol-gel process in the presence of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) or Ti(OBu) 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the polymerization of monomers and the hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS occur simultaneously. [24][25][26][31][32][33] On the other hand, the colloidal silica approach provides the advantage of precise control on size distribution in hybrid materials. Colloidal silica with a particle size of o100 nm is required to avoid light diffraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based hybrid materials with reactive zirconium oxide nanocrystals

Ôtsuka

Chujo

2010

Polym J

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Highly transparent and homogeneous hybrids containing a single nano-sized inorganic oxide domain were synthesized from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and aqueous dispersed zirconium oxide nanocrystals (ZrO 2 -NCs) in the presence of a coupling agent, 3-(methacryloxy)propyl-trimethoxysilane (MPTS), which was grafted onto the surface of ZrO 2 -NCs by zirconium hydroxide (Zr-OH) surface groups. The surface-functionalized ZrO 2 -NCs were used as macromonomers in the process of grafting from polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). The densities of surface Zr-OH groups and MPTS surface modifications were determined using thermogravimetric analysis. Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated successful bonding between organic and inorganic moieties. The morphology of the obtained hybrid films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and tapping-mode atomic force microscopy. Hybrid films possess interesting thermal stability and optical transparency characteristics because of the uniform incorporation of networks between organic polymer chains and inorganic nanocrystals.

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The effects of interactions on the properties of acrylic polymers/silica hybrid materials prepared by the in situ sol-gel process

Cited by 163 publications

References 15 publications

In situ polymerization of titanium isopropoxide in polycaprolactone: Properties and characterization of the hybrid nanocomposites

In situ polymerization of titanium isopropoxide in polycaprolactone: Properties and characterization of the hybrid nanocomposites

Polyethylene-octene elastomer/silica hybrids prepared by a sol-gel process using tetraethoxysiliane

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based hybrid materials with reactive zirconium oxide nanocrystals

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