The Effects of Insulin and Anterior Pituitary Extract on the Blood Amino Nitrogen in Eviscerated Rats1

Frame, Elizabeth G.; Russell, Jane A.

doi:10.1210/endo-39-6-420

Cited by 45 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…These observations suggest that insulin influences the nitrogen metabolism of extra-hepatic tissue. Frame & Russell (1946) and Ingle et al (1947) found that this action of insulin was not related to the induced changes in blood-glucose level, though Flock, Block, Mann, Grindlay & Bollman (1952) found that the infusion of glucose could suppress the rise of the plasma amino acid level after hepatectomy.…”

Section: Radioactivity In Diaphragm Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effect of insulin on protein metaboli8m. Administration of insulin to a normal animal lowers the plasma level of amino acids (Luck, Morrison & Wilbur, 1928;Kiech & Luck, 1928;Kerr & Krikorian, 1929), and injection of insulin suppresses the increase of amino acid level in plasma that occurs after evisceration (Frame & Russell, 1946;Ingle, Prestrud & Nezamis, 1947). These observations suggest that insulin influences the nitrogen metabolism of extra-hepatic tissue.…”

Section: Radioactivity In Diaphragm Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of insulin on incorporation of amino acids into protein of normal rat diaphragm in vitro

Manchester

Young

1958

Biochemical Journal

230

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Sinex, MacMullen & Hastings (1952) found that, when insulin was added in vitro to diaphragm from normal non-fasting rats incubated in a medium containing DL-[1-14C]alanine but lacking an easily oxidizable substrate such as glucose or pyruvate, the transfer of 14C from the alanine into protein in the diaphragm was increased. Similar observations with [ 1-14C]glycine in place of alanine were made by Krahl (1953). Sinex et al. (1952) found that transfer was less if glucose or pyruvate was present in the medium when no insulin had been added, and that in the presence of glucose or pyruvate addition of insulin raised to only a small extent incorporation into diaphragm protein of 14C from the alanine. But Krahl (1953), on the other hand, observed that incorporation of 14C from [1-14C]glycine into protein of normal fasting rat diaphragm in vitro was raised by the addition of glucose alone to the medium, the presence of insulin in the medium in addition to glucose having no significant effect. Since these results were of importance with respect to the relative effects of insulin on carbohydrate and protein metabolism (see Ketterer, Randle & Young, 1957), we have repeated the experiments of these authors and extended their observations to include a variety of labelled amino acids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Radioactive materials. 14C-Labelled materials were obtained from the Radiochemical Centre, Amersham.

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Section: Radioactivity In Diaphragm Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radioactivity In Diaphragm Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of insulin on incorporation of amino acids into protein of normal rat diaphragm in vitro

Manchester

Young

1958

Biochemical Journal

230

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“…That muscle releases amino acids postabsorptively has been inferred from the progressive rise in plasma amino acids seen in eviscerated animals (3)(4)(5)(6). A striking reduction in this rise upon insulin administration implicated muscle as a site for the action of this hormone on amino acid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid balance across tissues of the forearm in postabsorptive man. Effects of insulin at two dose levels

Pozefsky¹,

Felig²,

Tobin³

et al. 1969

J. Clin. Invest.

423

130

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A B S T R A C T Amino acid balance across skeletal muscle and across subcutaneous adipose tissue plus skin of the forearm has been quantified in postabsorptive man before and after insulin infusion into the brachial artery.Skeletal muscle released significant amounts of alpha amino nitrogen after an overnight fast. Most individual amino acids were released. Alanine output was by far the greatest. The pattern of release probably reflects both the composition of muscle protein undergoing degradation and de novo synthesis of alanine by transamination. A significant correlation was observed between the extent of release of each amino acid and its ambient arterial concentration.Elevation of forearm insulin in eight subjects from postabsorptive (12 uU/ml) to high physiologic levels (157 /IU/ml) in addition to stimulating muscle glucose uptake blocked muscle alpha amino nitrogen release by 74%. Consistent declines in output were seen for leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, threonine, glycine, and a-aminobutyric acid. Alanine output was insignificantly affected. Doubling forearm insulin levels (from 10 to 20 iAU/ml) in eight subjects increased muscle glucose uptake in three and blocked alpha amino nitrogen output in two although both effects were seen concurrently in only one subject. Changes in net amino acid balance after insulin could be accounted for by increased transport of amino acids into muscle cells or retardation of their exit.

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“…Given to normal animals (Luck and Morse, 1933) and human subjects insulin causes a fall in the blood amino-acids. Frame and Russell (1946) noted that the administration of insulin in eviscerated rats depresses the rate of increase of plasma amino nitrogen that consistently follows this operative procedure. Insulin appears to enhance the rate of penetration of amino-acids across the cell membrane, as it does the penetration of glucose, and increases protein synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sequential trial of tolbutamide in hypoproteinaemia in adults

Mutalik¹,

Singh²

1965

Gut

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The Effects of Insulin and Anterior Pituitary Extract on the Blood Amino Nitrogen in Eviscerated Rats1

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of insulin on incorporation of amino acids into protein of normal rat diaphragm in vitro

The effect of insulin on incorporation of amino acids into protein of normal rat diaphragm in vitro

Amino acid balance across tissues of the forearm in postabsorptive man. Effects of insulin at two dose levels

A sequential trial of tolbutamide in hypoproteinaemia in adults

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