The Effects ofBifidobacterium breveon Immune Mediators and Proteome of HT29 Cells Monolayers

Abstract

The use of beneficial microorganisms, the so-called probiotics, to improve human health is gaining popularity. However, not all of the probiotic strains trigger the same responses and they differ in their interaction with the host. In spite of the limited knowledge on mechanisms of action some of the probiotic effects seem to be exerted through maintenance of the gastrointestinal barrier function and modulation of the immune system. In the present work, we have addressed in vitro the response of the intestinal epithelial cell line HT29 to the strain Bifidobacterium breve IPLA20004. In the array of 84 genes involved in inflammation tested, the expression of 12 was modified by the bifidobacteria. The genes of chemokine CXCL6, the chemokine receptor CCR7, and, specially, the complement component C3 were upregulated. Indeed, HT29 cells cocultivated with B. breve produced significantly higher levels of protein C3a. The proteome of HT29 cells showed increased levels of cytokeratin-8 in the presence of B. breve. Altogether, it seems that B. breve IPLA20004 could favor the recruitment of innate immune cells to the mucosa reinforcing, as well as the physical barrier of the intestinal epithelium.

Keratins Are Altered in Intestinal Disease-Related Stress Responses

“…The inflammatory signaling is achieved by the activation of caspase-7 and caspase-1 [ 76 ] and previous studies have confirmed that LPS-treatment does not affect the proliferation of HT-29 cells [ 77 ]. Supportive of our study is that treatment with Bifidobacterium breve induced an upregulation of K8 in HT-29 cells [ 78 ]. Interestingly, IL-6 treatment of Caco-2 cells induces K8 and K18 on protein and mRNA level and increases K8 phosphorylation, which is needed for the maintenance of the intestinal barrier often disrupted in intestinal stress [ 79 ].…”

Tackling probiotic and gut microbiota functionality through proteomics

“…Proteomics studies have also focused on changes in intestinal proteomes in response to the presence of probiotics. In vitro, a Bifidobacterium breve strain promoted overproduction of components of the cytoskeleton and major histocompatibility complex in HT29 cells [112]. In vivo models with weaning piglets also revealed that probiotic and antibiotics administration promoted differential changes in the small intestinal proteome [113].…”

The Control of Intestinal Inflammation: A Major Objective in the Research of Probiotic Strains as Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Poultry

“…Another study addressed the response of the intestinal epithelial cell line HT29 (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line) to the strain Bifidobacterium breve IPLA20004. In the array of 84 genes involved in inflammation tested, the expression of 12 genes was modified by bifidobacteria, with a marked upregulation of the complement component C3 [63]. In poultry, dietary supplementation of laying hens with Clostridium butyricum in the late phase of production demonstrated that the addition of this probiotic resulted in an increase of serum complement component C3 [64].…”