The Effects of Heparin and Dietary Fish Oil on Embolic Events and the Microcirculation Downstream from a Small-Artery Repair

Jh, Barker; Jm, Gu; Gl, Anderson; O’Shaughnessy, Michelle M.; Pierangeli, Silvia S.; Johnson, Pamela M.; Galletti, G; Acland, Robert D.

doi:10.1097/00006534-199302000-00020

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The present study used a unique microcirculation model in mice 24,25 to demonstrate the thrombogenicity of aPL antibodies by activating ECs in vivo and correlated these findings with in vitro expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of aPL-exposed human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC) monolayers. These data provide evidence that EC activation may contribute to the hypercoagulable state in APS patients, thus predisposing these individuals to recurrent thrombosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The ability of aPL antibodies to activate ECs in vivo and enhance thrombus formation was studied by examination of white blood cell (WBC) adhesion to endothelium in exposed cremaster muscle 24,25 and study of the dynamics of thrombus formation in exposed femoral vein in the same mouse preparation. 4 -7 Briefly, CD1 mice (Charles River Breeding Laboratories; weight, 25 to 30 g) in groups of 9 were treated by intraperitoneal injection of ap IgG-APS preparation at time 0 and a second injection 48 hours later (500 g/mL antibody per injection).…”

Section: In Vivo Exposure To Apl Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24,25,36 Briefly, animals were placed in the dorsal position on a specially designed Plexiglas observation platform with the hind legs straddled across a glass microscope slide. The scrotum was incised so that the cremaster muscle and testicle could be exposed.…”

Section: In Vivo Exposure To Apl Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiphospholipid Antibodies From Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients Activate Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

et al. 1999

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Background —Antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies are associated with thrombosis in patients diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and enhance thrombus formation in vivo in mice, but the mechanism of thrombosis by aPL is not completely understood. Although aPL antibodies have been shown to inhibit protein C activation and activate endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro, no study has examined whether these antibodies activate ECs in vivo. Therefore, human affinity-purified aPL (ap aPL) antibodies from APS patients were tested in a mouse model of microcirculation using the cremaster muscle that allows direct microscopic examination of thrombus formation and adhesion of white blood cells (WBCs) to ECs as an indication of EC activation in vivo. Adhesion molecule expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after aPL exposure was performed to confirm EC activation in vitro. Methods and Results —All 6 ap aPL antibodies significantly increased the expression of VCAM-1 (2.3- to 4.4-fold), with one of the antibodies also increasing the expression of E-selectin (1.6-fold) on HUVECs in vitro. In the in vivo experiments, each ap aPL antibody except for 1 preparation increased WBC sticking (mean number of WBCs ranged from 22.7 to 50.6) compared with control (14.4), which correlated with enhanced thrombus formation (mean thrombus size ranged from 1098 to 6476 versus 594 μm 2 for control). Conclusions —Activation of ECs by aPL antibodies in vivo may create a prothrombotic state on ECs, which may be the first pathophysiological event of thrombosis in APS.

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mentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: In Vivo Exposure To Apl Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiphospholipid Antibodies From Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients Activate Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

et al. 1999

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“…This was demonstrated in a free flap model of the rat femoral artery in which, following a simulated poor vessel anastomosis, both the upstream arterial anastomosis and the downstream flap microcirculation were directly viewed using intravital microscopy [15,16,17,18]. Using this model system, both thrombus formation upstream at the arterial anastomosis and capillary perfusion in the downstream microcirculation were simultaneously viewed and measured.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Anastomotic Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thrombosis and Antithrombotic Therapy in Microvascular Surgery

Froemel¹,

Fitzsimons²,

Frank

et al. 2013

Eur Surg Res

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Despite a remarkable expansion of microsurgery, there is still no international consensus about routinely used prophylactic antithrombotic agents. Most treatment regimens still use aspirin, heparin (low-molecular-weight and unfractionated heparin) or colloids (hydroxyphenylacetate 6%/dextran); however, clear evidence for the clinical benefit of an ideal administration regimen or one agent over the other has not yet been established. Instead of searching for the one regime that fits all, an increasing number of reviews from different disciplines describe multistep approaches that optimize what has been shown to be most promising. This includes the use of antithrombotic agents, proper risk assessment, secondary prevention and professional training to optimize microsurgical skills. In this review, we describe factors included in traditional approaches and also emphasize the value of good surgical technique, which while recognized by all to be one of the most important factors for success, receives less emphasis in reviews describing thrombosis prophylaxis in microvascular surgery.

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“…With this in mind, Pierangeli et al [82] turned to a mouse model of thrombosis devised by Stockmans et al [83] and modified by Barker et al [84] that enables measurement of the dynamics of thrombus formation after this is induced by a standardized injury. In a series of experiments, this group of investigators found that CD1 male mice, injected with purified immunoglobulins (4 IgG, 3 IgM, 2 IgA preparations) or with affinity purified aCL antibodies (2 IgG and 2 IgM) had significantly larger and more persistent thrombi compared to mice immunized with immunoglobulins from healthy humans.…”

Section: A Animal Models Of Thrombosis and Endothelial Cell Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiphospholipid Syndrome - An Evolving Story of a Multisystemic Disease

Pierangeli¹,

Harper²,

Harris³

2012

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

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The Effects of Heparin and Dietary Fish Oil on Embolic Events and the Microcirculation Downstream from a Small-Artery Repair

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Antiphospholipid Antibodies From Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients Activate Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Antiphospholipid Antibodies From Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients Activate Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

A Review of Thrombosis and Antithrombotic Therapy in Microvascular Surgery

Antiphospholipid Syndrome - An Evolving Story of a Multisystemic Disease

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