The Effects of Group Collaboration on Presence in a Collaborative Virtual Environment

Casanueva, Juan; Blake, Edwin

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6785-4_10

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For example, Casanueva and Blake ( 2000 ) found a signifi cant positive correlation between Witmer and Singer's ITQ and the presence questionnaire developed by Slater, and there was a signifi cant difference between the PQ scores between desktop screen users and semi-immersive screen users in Tichon and Banks' study ( 2006 ). However, negative evidence has also been reported: For example, Youngblut and Huie ( 2003 ) did not fi nd a correlation between the PQ scores and task performance.…”

Section: Multidimensional Presence Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ways to Measure Spatial Presence: Review and Future Directions

et al. 2015

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The chapter focuses on the measurement of spatial presence. Our aim is review existing measures of spatial presence and provide evaluative classifi cations of the quality and appropriateness of these measurement methods. In addition to existing methods, we also shortly discuss the appropriateness of measures that have not been extensively used so far, such as "think aloud"-method, dual-task measures, eye-related measures and psychophysiological measures.

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Section: Multidimensional Presence Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ways to Measure Spatial Presence: Review and Future Directions

et al. 2015

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“…(3) ITQ score had a significant positive correlation with presence, but no significant relationship with co-presence. [Casanueva, 2001 (4) Casanueva (2000).…”

Section: A-16mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of Presence in Virtual Environments

Youngblut¹

2003

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PrefaceThis work was performed in support the "Development and Assessment of ADL Prototypes" task sponsored by the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, Readiness and Training Directorate under the general direction of Dr. Robert Wisher (OUSD/P&R). It partially fulfills the objectives of this task to use Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) prototypes and other appropriate sources to develop an "engineering of instruction" that links specific instructional design alternatives to specific instructional outcomes and to assist in the cost and effectiveness assessment of ADL prototypes, including assistance in the design of assessment experiments, collection of assessment data, and documentation of findings.Many researchers reviewed or added details to the information presented on their experimental studies. We are grateful for all such contributions. We also gratefully acknowledge those individuals who reviewed and provided comments on this document. Executive SummaryWhile reviewing research on how to maximize the effectiveness of the use of virtual environments (VEs) for Department of Defense (DoD) applications, data were collected based on the role that the sense of presence plays in VE applications. The potential importance of presence is based on a common assumption that increasing the sense of presence experienced in a VE leads to improved task performance.This document is intended as a resource document that presents the results of this data collection effort. It considers (place) presence, co-presence, and social presence. Nearly 70 different measures and over 100 experimental studies of various issues regarding presence are identified.Few of the experimental studies have attempted to examine the potential relationship between presence and task performance. This small set of studies has used four different measures of presence and nine different types of performance measures. Out of 83 findings, 42 showed a significant correlation between presence and task performance, most in the expected direction. As yet, there is no evidence on whether the relationships that do exist are causal in nature.Nonetheless, some conclusions are clear. Despite a decade of research, the role of presence in VEs is still unclear. There is no commonly agreed theory of presence nor are there common measures for this construct. There is some evidence that particular technological, tasks and personal characteristics can influence the extent of presence experienced in a VE. However, the critical question of whether manipulating presence can achieve improved task performance remains unanswered.1

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“…For a distributed virtual music environment with multiple participants, we hypothesize on two additional design requirements: the provision of "co-presence" and sufficiently synchronized graphics and sound. 2.2 Requirement l:Co-presenee Presence generally refers to the sensation of "being" in the place specified by the virtual environment [4] and is accepted as one of the defining qualities of VR. Among many, the two main factors that seem to affect presence [5] are (1) sensory immersion (e.g.…”

Section: Virtual Musical Environment(vme) 21 Concept and Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…visual and simulation/behavior realism, degrees of interaction). On the other hand, co-presence is roughly defmed as the feeling that the other participants in the visual environment actually exist and are really present, and the feeling that one belongs to a particular group or group process [4][5] [6]. In fact, co-presence in a collaborative environment can be thought to be enhanced by a subset of the aforementioned presence features, particularly those that pertain to carrying out the task (e.g.…”

Section: Virtual Musical Environment(vme) 21 Concept and Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…the visual and behavior realism of and interaction model with the counterpart participant avatar). Casaneuva et al lists two factors that are important for copresence: the notion of the virtual body and degrees of collaboration and interaction [4]. The latter factor, however, is at the same time the requirement of the task (because a collaborative task will require some degrees of interaction anyway).…”

Section: Virtual Musical Environment(vme) 21 Concept and Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Incorporating co-presence in distributed virtual music environment

Jung

Hwang

Lee

et al. 2000

Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology

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In this paper, we present "PODIUM (POstech Distributed virtual Music environment)", a distributed virtual enviromaaent that allows users to participate in a shared space and play music with other participants in a collaborative manner. In addition to playing virtual instruments, users can communicate and interact in various ways to enhance the collaboration and, thus, the quality of the music played together. Musical messages are generated note by note through interaction with the keyboard, mouse, and other devices, and transmitted through an IP-multicasting network among participants. In addition to such note-level information, additional messages for visualization, and interaction are supported. Real world based visualization has been chosen, against, for instance, abstract music world based visualization, to promote "co-presence" (e.g. recognize and interact with other players), which is deemed important for collaborative music production. In addition to the entertainment purpose, we hope that DVME will find great use in casual practice sessions for even professional performers/orchestras/bands.Since even a slight interruption in the flow of the music or outof-synch graphics and sound would dramatically decrease utility of the system, we employ various techniques to minimize the network delay. An adapted server-client architecture and UDP' s are used to ensure fast packet deliveries and reduce the data bottleneck problem. Time-critical messages such as MIDI messages are multicasted among clients, and the less time-critical and infrequently updated messages are sent through the server. Predefmed animations of avatars are invoked by interpreting the musical messages. Using the latest graphics and sound processing hardware, and by maintaining an appropriate scene complexity, and a frame rate sufficiently higher than the fastest note duration, the time constraint tbr graphics and sound synchronization can be Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part nf this work l\)r personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a (ee.met. However, we expect the network delay could cause considerable problems when the system is scaled up for many users and processing simultaneous notes (for harmony). To assess the scalability, we carried out a performance analysis of our system model to derive the maximum number of simultaneous participants. For example, according to our data, about 50 participams should be able to play together without significant disruption, each using one track with five simultaneous notes and for playing a musical piece at a speed of 16 ticks per second in a typical PC/LAN enviromnent.In hopes of enhancing the feeling of "co-presence" among participants, a simple sound localization technique is used to compute pannin...

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The Effects of Group Collaboration on Presence in a Collaborative Virtual Environment

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Ways to Measure Spatial Presence: Review and Future Directions

Ways to Measure Spatial Presence: Review and Future Directions

Experience of Presence in Virtual Environments

Incorporating co-presence in distributed virtual music environment

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