The effects of green tea in the diet of broilers challenged with coccidiosis on their performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal mucosal morphology, blood constituents and ceca microflora

Jelveh, Keyvan; Rasouli, Behrouz; Kadim, Isam T.; Slozhenkina, M I; Горлов, Иван Федорович; Seidavi, Alireza; Phillips, Clive J. C.

doi:10.1002/vms3.923

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Morphological properties of the small intestine mucosal surface provide insight into the absorptive process and developmental progression of the small intestine (Yang et al., 2007 ). An increase in the VH/CD ratio is associated with increased digestion and absorption in the gut because longer villi and shorter crypts give greater surface area (Jelveh et al., 2022 ). Our findings revealed that while the reduction of ME and CP–LAA levels did not have a detrimental effect on the duodenal morphology, it did lead to a decrease in the VH and VSA in the jejunum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Escherichia coli–derived phytase and a carbohydrase–protease cocktail derived from Bacillus spp. on performance, digestibility, bone mineralization and gut morphology in broilers fed different nutrient density diets

Ahmadi,

Ghasemi,

Hajkhodadadi

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundEnzyme combinations, particularly phytase (PHY) with various carbohydrases and proteases, are utilized in commercial broiler production to enhance nutrient and energy bioavailability.ObjectiveA feeding study was undertaken to determine whether the efficiency of an Escherichia coli–derived PHY and a feed enzyme complex (FEC) derived from Bacillus spp. containing carbohydrase and protease as main activities in broiler chickens is dependent on diet quality. A total of 900 male one‐day‐old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of the treatments with 2 different nutrient density diets, standard nutrient diet (SN diet) and a low‐nutrient diet (LN diet; −100 kcal/kg for AMEn and −5% for crude protein [CP] and limiting amino acids), and 3 enzyme treatments (control [no enzymes], PHY and PHY + FEC). Each treatment group was composed of 6 replicates of 25 birds each.ResultsThe LN diet caused a decrease in performance index, tibia length and diameter, tibia calcium content and jejunal villus surface area (VSA). The interaction effects between diet and enzyme supplementation were observed (p < 0.05) on overall average daily gain (ADG), performance index, tibia ash content and jejunal villus height (VH) and VSA, with the favourable benefits of PHY + FEC treatment being more pronounced in the LN diets. Regardless of dietary nutrient density, supplementation with PHY alone or combined with FEC enhanced (p < 0.05) final body weight, overall ADG and jejunal villus height (VH)/crypt depth, with the highest values observed in the PHY + FEC group. The PHY + FEC treatment also improved (p < 0.05) overall feed conversion ratio, apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, CP, and energy, and tibia phosphorus content compared to the control treatment.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the simultaneous addition of PHY and FEC to the LN diets improved the growth rate, bone mineralization and gut morphology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Escherichia coli–derived phytase and a carbohydrase–protease cocktail derived from Bacillus spp. on performance, digestibility, bone mineralization and gut morphology in broilers fed different nutrient density diets

Ahmadi,

Ghasemi,

Hajkhodadadi

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…Jelveh et al. ( 2022 ) used three levels of green tea extract (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 g/kg) and powder (1, 2 and 3 g/kg) in the broilers’ diet and reported that green tea increased VH and VW in the different intestinal parts, compared with control. When studying the effect of orange essential oil on the histology of the intestine of broiler chickens, Erhan and Bolukbasi ( 2017 ) found that using 3 mL/kg of oil in the diets increased the VH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hasanpour et al (2010 reported that the VH in the duodenum and jejunum compared to the control group significantly developed in the treatment containing green tea. Jelveh et al (2022) used three levels of green tea extract (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 g/kg)…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different levels of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and mulberry (Morus alba) leaves powder on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens

Aziz-Aliabadi

Noruzi

Hassanabadi

2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background:In recent years, the use of medicinal plants as an alternative to antibiotics has expanded. Plants containing medicines and antioxidants can improve the performance of poultry. Objectives:The purpose of this study was to achieve the appropriate levels of green tea leaf powder (GTP) and mulberry leaf powder (MLP) in the diet, which positively affects broilers' performance.Methods: 648 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to nine dietary treatments with six replicates and each replicate containing 12 birds based on a completely randomised design (CRD) in a factorial arrangement of 3 × 3 with three levels of GTP, and three levels of MLP for 42 days. Treatments included: (1) no GTP + no MLP (control), (2) 1% GTP + no MLP, (3) 2% GTP + no MLP, (4) no GTP + 1% MLP, (5) 1% GTP + 1% MLP, (6) 2% GTP + 1% MLP, (7) no GTP + 2% MLP, (8) 1% GTP + 2% MLP and (9) 2% GTP + 2% MLP. Results:The results revealed that the effect of added powders (2%) was significant and increased daily weight gain (DWG) and reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group during the grower and whole phases (p < 0.05). On 35 days, the control and 2% GTP + 2% MLP treatment had the lowest and highest antibodies titre (total and immunoglobulin G [IgG]), respectively (p < 0.05). The groups fed with 1% GTP + 1% MLP showed higher villus height (VH) compared to the control, 2% GTP + 1% MLP, 1% GTP + 2% MLP, and 2% GTP + 2% MLP groups (p < 0.05). The ratio of the villus height to crypt depth (VH: CD) in treatments 1% GTP + no MLP, 2% GTP + no MLP and 1% GTP + 1% MLP was significantly higher than the control treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions:It was concluded that the addition of 2% GTP or MLP could improve humoral immune response and performance, and the addition of 1% GTP without MLP increased VH: CD in broilers.

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“…There are other feed additives that can have beneficial effects in controlling disease, such as sumac berries and thyme, but they are not available in sufficiently large quantities and, to make a major contribution, many farmers would have to transition to growing them [ 61 ]. Green tea is potentially available in large quantities and has beneficial antibacterial properties to potentially control coccidiosis without using coccidiostat antibiotics [ 62 ].…”

Section: Options For Farmers To Address Animal Welfare Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm Animal Welfare—From the Farmers’ Perspective

Phillips

2024

Animals

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Improvements in the welfare of animals in the intensive production industries are increasingly being demanded by the public. Scientific methods of welfare improvement have been developed and are beginning to be used on farms, including those provided by precision livestock farming. The number of welfare challenges that animals are facing in the livestock production industries is growing rapidly, and farmers are a key component in attempts to improve welfare because their livelihood is at stake. The challenges include climate change, which not only exposes animals to heat stress but also potentially reduces forage and water availability for livestock production systems. Heat-stressed animals have reduced welfare, and it is important to farmers that they convert feed to products for human consumption less efficiently, their immune system is compromised, and both the quality of the products and the animals’ reproduction are adversely affected. Livestock farmers are also facing escalating feed and fertiliser costs, both of which may jeopardise feed availability for the animals. The availability of skilled labour to work in livestock industries is increasingly limited, with rural migration to cities and the succession of older farmers uncertain. In future, high-energy and protein feeds are unlikely to be available in large quantities when required for the expanding human population. It is expected that livestock farming will increasingly be confined to marginal land offering low-quality pasture, which will favour ruminant livestock, at the expense of pigs and poultry unable to readily digest coarse fibre in plants. Farmers also face disease challenges to their animals’ welfare, as the development of antibiotic resistance in microbes has heralded an era when we can no longer rely on antibiotics to control disease or improve the feed conversion efficiency of livestock. Farmers can use medicinal plants, pro-, pre- and synbiotics and good husbandry to help maintain a high standard of health in their animals. Loss of biodiversity in livestock breeds reduces the availability of less productive genotypes that survive better on nutrient-poor diets than animals selected for high productivity. Farmers have a range of options to help address these challenges, including changing to less intensive diets, diversification from livestock farming to other enterprises, such as cereal and pseudocereal crops, silvopastoral systems and using less highly selected breeds. These options may not always produce good animal welfare, but they will help to give farm animals a better life.

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The effects of green tea in the diet of broilers challenged with coccidiosis on their performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal mucosal morphology, blood constituents and ceca microflora

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of an Escherichia coli–derived phytase and a carbohydrase–protease cocktail derived from Bacillus spp. on performance, digestibility, bone mineralization and gut morphology in broilers fed different nutrient density diets

Effect of an Escherichia coli–derived phytase and a carbohydrase–protease cocktail derived from Bacillus spp. on performance, digestibility, bone mineralization and gut morphology in broilers fed different nutrient density diets

Effect of different levels of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and mulberry (Morus alba) leaves powder on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens

Farm Animal Welfare—From the Farmers’ Perspective

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