The effects of goutweed (Aegopodium Podagraria L.) preparations and their combinations with metformin in rats with the disorders of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism induced by protamine sulphate

Abstract

The improvement of the therapy of the metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes is an important task which may be realized through the co-administration of herbal and synthetic medicines. The tincture and extract obtained from the aerial part of goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) have been shown to possess antidiabetic and organoprotective properties. Goutweed tincture exerts a permissive effect on the action of metformin in dexamethasone-treated diabetic rats. Aim. The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of the combined use of goutweed tincture and extract with metformin on the model of the primary disorder of the lipid metabolism. Materials and Methods. The model was used that presupposed administration of protamine sulfate to rats (10 mg/kg per day intramuscularly) against the background of atherogenic diet with the additional administration of cholestrol. Goutweed extract and tincture (1 g/kg and 1 ml/kg intragastrically, respectively), metformin (50 mg/kg intragastrically) and their combinations were administered during the whole period of model development. The lipid composition of the liver and blood plasma, as well as the content of glycogen in the liver were studied, and, as this model is accompanied with insulin resistance, glucose tolerance test was carried out. Results. It has been shown that all studied drugs and their combinations normalize the lipid composition of the liver, reducing the content of cholesterol and triglycerides and increasing the level of phospholipids. They do not significantly influence on the lipid spectrum of the blood plasma, tend to elevate the level of liver glycogen, their efficacy does not change in combined use. Goutweed tincture and metformin in combination, but not per se, completely normalize area under glucose curve that is significantly increased in the untreated group, the extract does not change this value. Conclusions. Goutweed extract and tincture normalize the lipid composition of the liver in rats with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders caused by protamine sulfate and atherogenic diet, the tincture also exerts a permissive effect on the action of metformin on glucose metabolism, but not on lipid metabolism. (For citation: Tovchiga OV, Gorbatch TV, Shtrygol’ SYu, et al. The effects of goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) preparations and their combinations with metformin in rats with the disorders of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism induced by protamine sulphate. Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2017;15(2):31-41. doi: 10.17816/RCF15231-41).

Goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) biological activity and the possibilities of its use for the correction of the lipid metabolism disorders

“…As described above, these subsubstances are present in goutweed raw material. Decrease in LDL cholesterol (elevated under the influence of fructose excess) and normalization of the atherogenic index (the extract and the tincture at both doses, as well as hydrochlorothiazide), increment in HDL cholesterol (the tincture at both doses and hydrochlorothiazide) [33] Rats receiving a single dose of ethanol (9 g/kg intragastrically) Aerial part water extract, 100 mg/kg and 1 g/kg, prophy-lactic administration for 7 days Significant reduction of triglycerides and cholesterol, increment in the content of phospholipids in the liver, lipid metabolism values of blood plasma do not differ from that of intact rats [23] Aerial part tincture, 1 and 5 cm 3 /kg, prophylactic administration for 7 days Decrease in the level of triglycerides and cholesterol (only at high dose) and increment in the content of phospholipids in the liver (at both doses), reduction of the HDL cholesterol (that is similar to the effect of the reference drug fenofibrate under the conditions of the study) [ Decrease in the level of triglycerides and cholesterol and increment in the content of phospholipids in the liver (both preparations and their combinations with metformin), lipid spectrum of the blood plasma is not changed significantly by all drugs [18] Phytochemical сomposition of the preparations obtained from Aegopodium podagraria L. By the commonly used methods of phytochemical analysis (qualitative reactions, paper and thin-layer chromatography), phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids were identified in both goutweed preparations, while coumarins were detected in the tincture. Among phenolic compounds hydroxycinnamic acids prevail.…”

“…Goutweed tincture demonstrates a permissive effect on the action of metformin in regard to glucose and lipid metabolism normalization, the reduction in plasma ALT activity and increment in urea clearance as well as normalization of plasma ALP activity [16,17]. On the model of the primary disorders of the lipid metabolism in rats (administration of protamine sulfate against the background of atherogenic diet) the tincture also shows an ability to increase metformin efficacy: these drugs in combination, but not per se, completely normalize area under glucose curve in the glucose tolerance test [18].…”

Analysis of efficiency of integrated preparations of medicinal plants in regulation of decadaptatic disorders in a practically healthy person

“…Вместе с тем препараты лекарственных растений сохранили свои преимущества перед синтетическими: физиологичность действия, экологическая безопасность, возможность длительного применения, комплексное воздействие, незначительное количество или отсутствие побочных эффектов, «мягкое» действие, низкая токсичность и т. п. [1,8,12,14]. Благодаря способности фитопрепаратов оказывать на организм комплексное действие, они обладают высоким потенциалом в качестве корректоров адаптационных процессов [5,10].…”