​​The Effects of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) Applications on the Physiological Features of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Different Salt (NaCI) Stress Conditions

Abstract

Background: Salinity is one of the most imperative problems of farmers worldwide. Reports are available that the external application of GA3 can reduce harmful effects of salinity. Low concentration and small quantities of GA3, a phytohormone, is essential to hasten the growth and development of plants. The current study was aimed to test the efficiency of GA3 on the impart of salt tolerance in terms of better nutrient uptake under salt stress situation and to determine the effect of external giberellic acid applications on the physiological properties and proline level of peanuts under different salt (NaCl) stress conditions on the degree of resistance to salt stress in peanuts. Methods: Trial was established as split plot design with 3 replications and NC-7 variety was used as a material. The chlorophyll content in leaves, ion (K, Na, Mg, Ca) content, cell membrane permeability were searched in the research. To determine the physiological responses of groundnut in the conditions of Gibberellic asid (GA3), (0, 5, 15 mM) applications under the different salt (Nacl), (0, 25, 50, 100 mM) stress conditions at the Plant Growth Room in the GAP Agricultural Research Institute in Şanlıurfa, Turkey in 2019. The chlorophyll content in leaves, ion (K, Na, Mg, Ca) content, cell membrane permeability were searched in the research. Result: The increasing salt applications decreases the leaf chlorophyll content and leaf ions (K, Mg, Ca) content, in contrast, increased the cell membrane permeability, proline content and sodium concentration were determined. The gibberallic asid applied externally against salt stress were determined to have the positive effects on traits; leaf chlorophyll content, ion (K, Na, Mg, Ca) content, cell membrane permeability, proline content.

Progress of Research on the Physiology and Molecular Regulation of Sorghum Growth under Salt Stress by Gibberellin

“…Guo et al [ 53 ] showed that the chlorophyll content of gibberellin-treated sesbania plants was higher than the control. Similar results were found by Erbil, who reported that GA 3 application caused a significant increase in chlorophyll content in salt-stressed groundnut plants ( Arachis hypogaea L.) [ 54 ]. The increase in chlorophyll content might be because the application of exogenous GA reduced the enzyme activities involved in chlorophyll catabolism and alleviated the oxidative chlorophyll bleaching, thereby inhibiting chlorophyll catabolism [ 55 ].…”

Amaranth’s Growth and Physiological Responses to Salt Stress and the Functional Analysis of AtrTCP1 Gene

“…We found that the transgenic AtrTCP1 and WT Arabidopsis thaliana plants were shorter under salt stress than they were under normal conditions, and they had fewer leaves. Meanwhile, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in the salt-stress-induced plants were lower than those in the non-salt-stress-induced plants because it decreased the leaf chlorophyll content [9]. However, the chlorophyll content of the transformed 35S::AtrTCP1-GUS plants was higher than that of the wild type under salt stress and not under salt stress.…”

“…Chlorophyll is the main pigment for photosynthesis in higher plants, and it is directly related to leaf photosynthesis and plant yield potential. Salt stress reduces the leaf chlorophyll content [9]. Chlorophyll fluorescence is closely related to leaf photosynthesis [10], which reflects the effects of environmental factors on plants [11][12][13][14].…”

Melatonin induces drought tolerance by modulating lipoxygenase expression, redox homeostasis and photosynthetic efficiency in Arachis hypogaea L

“…Recent studies suggest that priming of seeds conferred better stress tolerance against adverse environmental conditions by retaining stress memory thereby enabling protection against oxidative stress ( Jisha et al., 2013 ; Ibrahim, 2016 ; Farooq et al., 2019 ). Groundnut seeds primed with gibberellic acid exhibited higher antioxidant activity, proline, lesser malondialdehyde and higher chlorophyll content under salt stress ( Erbil, 2021 ). Zinc and iron priming significantly enhanced the yield of field-grown groundnut ( Khan et al., 2017 ).…”