The effects of ghrelin on sleep, appetite, and memory, and its possible role in depression: A review of the literature

Morín, Violeta; Hozer, Franz; Costemale-Lacoste, Jean-François

doi:10.1016/j.encep.2017.10.012

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Permanent night shift workers present a disrupted control of ghrelin and leptin, associated with behavioral changes in diet, sleep and increased adiposity and related metabolic alterations [109,110]. It has been showed that ghrelin secretion was related to pituitary gland and pulsatile neuroendocrine secretion from the hypothalamus to modify sleep-wake pattern by increasing wakefulness and to decrease the duration of deep sleeping periods [113,114]. Thus, all these changes in the circadian clock are associated with temporal alteration in feeding behavior and increased weight gain, explaining the high proportion of obesity in night shift workers [115].…”

Section: The Deleterious Effect Of Permanent Night Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift work, and particularly permanent night shifts, promote dyslipidaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Section: The Deleterious Effect Of Permanent Night Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift work, and particularly permanent night shifts, promote dyslipidaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…Besides the effects on skeletal muscle, aging also associates often with a gradual cognitive impairment and depression that deeply worst elder people quality of life [ 35 ]. The role of AG in regulating sleep and memory [ 36 ] and its anti-depressant activity when administered to stressed mice [ 37 ] suggest that the impairment of ghrelin signaling during aging could affect cognitive function as well. In assessing the behavioral contribution to the physical performance tests, we skimmed the surface of this issue and surprisingly found that the lack of ghrelin peptides improved the memory capacity of young mice, although this effect was not maintained during aging ( Figure 3C ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Both ghrelin deletion and unacylated ghrelin overexpression preserve muscles in aging mice

Agosti

Feudis

Angelino

et al. 2020

Aging

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Sarcopenia, the decline in muscle mass and functionality during aging, might arise from age-associated endocrine dysfunction. Ghrelin is a hormone circulating in both acylated (AG) and unacylated (UnAG) forms with anti-atrophic activity on skeletal muscle. Here, we show that not only lifelong overexpression of UnAG (Tg) in mice, but also the deletion of ghrelin gene ( Ghrl KO) attenuated the age-associated muscle atrophy and functionality decline, as well as systemic inflammation. Yet, the aging of Tg and Ghrl KO mice occurs with different dynamics: while old Tg mice seem to preserve the characteristics of young animals, Ghrl KO mice features deteriorate with aging. However, young Ghrl KO mice show more favorable traits compared to WT animals that result, on the whole, in better performances in aged Ghrl KO animals. Treatment with pharmacological doses of UnAG improved muscle performance in old mice without modifying the feeding behavior, body weight, and adipose tissue mass. The antiatrophic effect on muscle mass did not correlate with modifications of protein catabolism. However, UnAG treatment induced a strong shift towards oxidative metabolism in muscle. Altogether, these data confirmed and expanded some of the previously reported findings and advocate for the design of UnAG analogs to treat sarcopenia.

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“…Relatively few population-based human studies have examined the endocrine system in depression. The gut hormone ghrelin may slightly reduce depression symptoms (Kluge et al, 2011), possibly due to its effects in improving sleep (Kluge et al, 2011;Morin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing our understanding of nutrition in depression

Upton

2021

Br J Nutr

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Research to date has convincingly demonstrated that nutrition impacts depression. Population based studies have shown that diet, food types, dietary supplements, gut bacteria, endocrine systems and obesity all play a role in depression. While nutrition could provide an important therapeutic opportunity in depression, clinical trials have not shown clinically meaningful results and it appears unlikely that nutrition is a central determinant of depression. Conversely, however, prior research is inconclusive to inferring that nutrition does not have a clinically significant effect. This would require elucidating precisely when nutrition affects depression which necessitates an alternative, more granular, model for the nutrition-depression interaction. The network theory of mental disorders, which studies how mental disorders arise from a causally related network of symptoms and external factors, is proposed as an alternative model for understanding the complexity of the nutrition-depression link. This approach would uncover which relationships, between aspects of nutrition and depression symptoms, warrant further study at a population and laboratory level. Furthermore, from within nutrition science, is a movement dubbed ‘New Nutrition Science’ (NNS) that aims to integrate biological, social and environmental determinants of nutrition. NNS is important to nutrition-depression research which has yet to reveal how social factors impact the nutrition-depression interaction. Network theory methodology is fully compatible with the network modelling already used in NNS. Embracing both network theory and NNS in future research will develop a full and complex understanding of nutrition in depression.

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The effects of ghrelin on sleep, appetite, and memory, and its possible role in depression: A review of the literature

Cited by 43 publications

References 77 publications

Shift work, and particularly permanent night shifts, promote dyslipidaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Shift work, and particularly permanent night shifts, promote dyslipidaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Both ghrelin deletion and unacylated ghrelin overexpression preserve muscles in aging mice

Developing our understanding of nutrition in depression

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