The Effects of General Anesthesia and Surgery on Basal and Interferon Stimulated Natural Killer Cell Activity of Humans

Kutza, Joseph; Gratz, Iris K.; Afshar, Mehdi; Murasko, Donna M.

doi:10.1097/00000539-199710000-00037

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This finding is supported by results of a previous investigation [5] in which investigators found no change in the lymphocyte ratio. Furthermore, the number of NK cells was constant in the present study, although the overall number of lymphocytes decreased in response to anesthesia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Second, an experiment in mice revealed that interferon enhancement of NK activity was not detectable after mice were exposed to isoflurane [7]. In addition, it has been reported that NK activity decreases and that the reactivity between NK cells and interferon-γ is suppressed after anesthesia in humans [5]. Third, there may be a direct action of isoflurane on lymphocytes, because a decrease in NK cytotoxic activity has been reported in an ex vivo experiment in which human lymphocytes were exposed to isoflurane [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NK cytotoxic activity is a measure of the cytotoxic targeting of tumor cells and is mediated by NK cells, NK T cells, killer T-lymphocytes, CD8 + T cells and possibly other cells [3,6,15]. The NK cytotoxic activities are considered to have important functions in the defense against oncogenicity and cancer metastasis, as they strengthen immunity against tumors [5,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of General Anesthesia with Isoflurane Following Propofol-Induction on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Activities of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Dogs

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. To investigate influence of general anesthesia on immunological anti-tumor activity, the natural killer (NK) cytotoxic activity of peripheral lymphocytes (PBLs) was measured in 7 dogs anesthetized for 3 hr with isoflurane following propofol-induction (anesthesia group) and 6 dogs without anesthesia (control group). Blood samples were collected before (baseline) and 24, 120 and 192 hr after the anesthesia. The PBLs were isolated via centrifugation with Ficoll-Hypaque solution (density, 1.073), and adherent cells were removed. The NK cytotoxic activity of the isolated PBLs against canine thyroid cancer cells was detected by the colorimetric rose Bengal assay. Significant decrease in the NK cytotoxic activity was observed at 24 hr after the anesthesia, compared with the baseline values and the control group. The NK cytotoxic activities were recovered to the baseline values until 120 hr after the anesthesia. The general anesthesia with isoflurane following propofol-induction decreased the NK cytotoxic activities of PBLs in dogs. This finding has a clinical relevance to the risk of tumor recurrence or metastasis induced by the suppression of immunological anti-tumor activity after general anesthesia in dogs. The results further emphasized the importance of the need to evaluate immune suppression following general anesthesia in animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of General Anesthesia with Isoflurane Following Propofol-Induction on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Activities of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Dogs

et al. 2013

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“…Im Tierexperiment konnte eine halothan-oder isofluraninduzierte Suppression der NK-Zellen trotz Zusatz immunstimulierender Faktoren nicht aufgehoben werden [56]. Ähnliche Ergebnisse wurden in perioperativen Patientenstudien bei Verwendung von Isofluran gefunden [57,60].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Beeinflussung maligner Tumoren durch Anästhesieverfahren

2012

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“…In the mature organism, surgery has been shown to result in the suppression of NK cytotoxic activity in both humans [19,20] and animals [21,22]. Studies in mature animals have shown that surgery and other stressors reduce host resistance against metastasis by suppressing NK activity [21,[23][24][25][26], and stressinduced immune suppression has been suggested to contribute to the deleterious effects of surgical intervention on metastatic development [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cell Activity and Resistance to Tumor Metastasis in Prepubescent Rats: Deficient Baselines, but Invulnerability to Stress and β-Adrenergic Stimulation

Page

Ben‐Eliyahu

2000

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Although young children and animals exhibit high rates of tumor development, little is known about natural killer (NK) cell activity in the very young. We recently provided direct evidence that reduced levels of NK activity in prepubescent rats underlie higher levels of susceptibility to metastasis. The aim of the current study was to further characterize NK activity and tumor resistance in prepubescent rats, specifically with respect to the effects of stress and sex, as these factors have been shown to modulate tumor development in adult populations. Two NK outcomes were assessed: levels of whole blood NK cytotoxicity and lung tumor retention of NK-sensitive MADB106 tumor cells which metastasize only to the lungs. The corticosterone (CS) response to surgery was also assessed. In the first set of experiments, prepubescent males and females (36 days of age) and mature males (98 days) were subjected to abdominal surgery and 5 h later were either tested for plasma CS levels or challenged with MADB106 tumor cells. The findings indicated that whereas surgery increased CS levels in the young rats to similar levels observed in mature animals, surgical stress did not increase lung tumor retention in the young animals, despite exerting marked and significant effects in the mature rats. These findings persisted when lower tumor loads were used in the young rats to compensate for the markedly reduced resistance to metastasis in this population. Because surgery involves activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) which is known to regulate NK activity, we assessed the impact of the β-adrenergic agonist, metaproterenol, on NK activity and on lung tumor retention. Metaproterenol (0.8 mg/kg, 1 h before testing) resulted in a large suppression of NK activity and resistance against MADB106 metastasis in mature males and females, but not in prepubescent animals. In mature, but not in young animals, males exhibited higher baseline levels of NK activity. Taken together, these findings indicate that NK cells of prepubescent rats are resistant to β-adrenergic stimulation, and suggest that prepubescent rats are markedly less responsive to SNS-induced suppression of NK activity, which may underlie their invulnerability to the effects of surgery on MADB106 metastasis.

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The Effects of General Anesthesia and Surgery on Basal and Interferon Stimulated Natural Killer Cell Activity of Humans

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of General Anesthesia with Isoflurane Following Propofol-Induction on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Activities of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Dogs

Influence of General Anesthesia with Isoflurane Following Propofol-Induction on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Activities of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Dogs

Beeinflussung maligner Tumoren durch Anästhesieverfahren

Natural Killer Cell Activity and Resistance to Tumor Metastasis in Prepubescent Rats: Deficient Baselines, but Invulnerability to Stress and β-Adrenergic Stimulation

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