The Effects of Gender and Fatigue on Dynamic Postural Control

Gribble, Phillip A.; Robinson, R. H.; Hertel, Jay; Denegar, Craig R.

doi:10.1123/jsr.18.2.240

Cited by 216 publications

(315 citation statements)

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“…Our study results support previous findings by Gribble et al [27], which show that sagittal plane differences do not exist at the hip and knee between males and females during the mSEBT in a healthy, non-fatigued population. The consistency of these results illustrates the need to move beyond the sagittal plane in kinematic analysis for lower extremity injury risk identification.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The kinematic data were filtered with the use of a fourth order zero lag low pass Butterworth filter with 6-Hz cut-off and processed with the VICON TM Nexus software. Verbal instructions and demonstration of the mSEBT were given to each subject in accordance with previous study procedures [17,27]. Markings for the mSEBT included three lines of tape, with one positioned directly ANT from a centre point, and two oriented at 135° in the PL and PM directions from the ANT line ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies comparing the sagittal, frontal, and transverse plane kinematics during the mSEBT between sexes were primarily devoted to fatigued or injured populations only [18,[24][25][26][27][28]. Although investigators have performed kinematic analysis on healthy, non-fatigued individuals during the mSEBT, they limited their analysis to lower extremity sagittal plane angles [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although investigators have performed kinematic analysis on healthy, non-fatigued individuals during the mSEBT, they limited their analysis to lower extremity sagittal plane angles [27]. Gribble et al [27] found that women demonstrated increased reach distances as compared with men in all three reach directions and attained a greater degree of hip and knee flexion at the maximal displacement following a fatigue inducing protocol. In contrast, Doherty et al [26] compared performance on the mSEBT between men and women after acute lateral ankle sprain, and found no significant difference in reach performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in frontal and transverse plane hip and knee kinematics during the modified Star Excursion Balance Test

Willis¹,

Razu²,

Baggett³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. The modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) assesses dynamic neuromuscular control, with predictive ability regarding lower extremity injury risk. Previous kinematic mSEBT analyses are limited to sex differences between injured or fatigued populations or non-fatigued groups in the sagittal plane only. We hypothesize that sex differences exist in the frontal and transverse plane kinematics of the hip and knee in healthy, non-fatigued subjects during the mSEBT. Methods. The descriptive laboratory study involved 38 healthy subjects: 20 males (aged 24.8 ± 2.7 years) and 18 females (24.1 ± 3.7 years). Peak kinematics, obtained by a VICON TM motion system, of the hip and knee in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse plane were compared during the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach of the mSEBT. Wilcoxon rank test with significant differences at p < 0.05 was used. Results. Kinematic differences existed between the groups in the frontal and transverse plane of the hip and knee in all reach directions (p < 0.05). No differences were found in the sagittal plane of the hip or knee between the groups. Conclusions. Sex differences exist in frontal and transverse plane kinematics of the hip and knee during the mSEBT. The mSEBT may be enhanced as an injury prediction tool, if frontal and transverse plane kinematics were included during risk assessment screening.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sex differences in frontal and transverse plane hip and knee kinematics during the modified Star Excursion Balance Test

Willis¹,

Razu²,

Baggett³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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“…22 Similarly, corticospinal excitability of the fibularis longus in CAI patients has been shown to be diminished when compared with healthy participants assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). 23 Neuromuscular control adaptations in joints proximal to the ankle also have been demonstrated in patients with CAI, manifesting as deficits in force production, 17,24 changes in kinematic patterns, 10,11,14,[25][26][27] and deficits in muscle-activation patterns 12,[28][29][30][31] about the knee and hip during slow and dynamic tasks. Whereas these alterations are observed consistently, the source of these changes has not been established.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Ankle Instability and Neural Excitability of the Lower Extremity

McLeod

Gribble

Pietrosimone

2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Neuromuscular dysfunction of the leg and thigh musculature, including decreased strength and postural control, is common in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Understanding how CAI affects specific neural pathways may provide valuable information for targeted therapies.Objective: To investigate differences in spinal reflexive and corticospinal excitability of the fibularis longus and vastus medialis between limbs in patients with unilateral CAI and between CAI patients and participants serving as healthy controls.Design: Case-control study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 56 participants volunteered, and complete data for 21 CAI patients (9 men, 12 women; age ¼ 20.81 6 1.63 years, height ¼ 171.57 6 11.44 cm, mass ¼ 68.84 6 11.93 kg) and 24 healthy participants serving as controls (7 men, 17 women; age ¼ 22.54 6 2.92 years, height ¼ 172.35 6 10.85 cm, mass ¼ 69.15 6 12.30 kg) were included in the final analyses. Control participants were matched to CAI patients on sex, age, and limb dominance. We assigned ''involved'' limbs, which corresponded with the involved limbs of the CAI patients, to control participants.Main Outcome Measure(s): Spinal reflexive excitability was assessed via the Hoffmann reflex and normalized to a maximal muscle response. Corticospinal excitability was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Active motor threshold (AMT) was defined as the lowest transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity required to elicit motor-evoked potentials equal to or greater than 100 lV in 5 of 10 consecutive stimuli. We obtained motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) at percentages ranging from 100% to 140% of AMT.Results: Fibularis longus MEP amplitudes were greater in control participants than in CAI patients bilaterally at 100% AMT (control involved limb: 0.023 6 0.031; CAI involved limb: 0.014 6 0.008; control uninvolved limb: 0.021 6 0.022; CAI uninvolved limb: 0.015 6 0.007; F 1,41 ¼ 4.551, P ¼ .04) and 105% AMT (control involved limb: 0.029 6 0.026; CAI involved limb: 0.021 6 0.009; control uninvolved limb: 0.034 6 0.037; CAI uninvolved limb: 0.023 6 0.013; F 1,35 ¼ 4.782, P ¼ .04). We observed no differences in fibularis longus MEP amplitudes greater than 110% AMT and no differences in vastus medialis corticospinal excitability (P . .05). We noted no differences in the Hoffmann reflex between groups for the vastus medialis (F 1,37 ¼ 0.103, P ¼ .75) or the fibularis longus (F 1,41 ¼ 1.139, P ¼ .29).Conclusions: Fibularis longus corticospinal excitability was greater in control participants than in CAI patients.Key Words: transcranial magnetic stimulation, Hoffmann reflex, lateral ankle sprain Key PointsCorticospinal excitability in the fibularis longus at transcranial magnetic stimulation intensities of 100% and 105% of active motor threshold was higher in the healthy control group bilaterally than in the chronic ankle instability group. Transcranial magnetic stimulation intensities at 110% or more of the active motor threshold did not result ...

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Assessment and Needs Analysis

Comfort

Matthews²

2010

Sports Rehabilitation and Injury Prevention

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To condition athletes effectively, training must reflect the conditions encountered in sport. To achieve this, programme designers must: (1) analyse the demands of the sport; (2) identify the individual characteristics of the athlete (strengths and weaknesses; training history); (3) tailor and prioritise training to allow each individual athlete to meet these specific demands.To effectively test an athlete's fitness, and therefore develop an appropriate training and rehabilitation regime, sports rehabilitators and strength and conditioning coaches must identify the essential components of the sport/activity in question. This 'needs analysis' requires the gathering of accurate, precise and reliable data, ideally from the published literature, combined with detailed observation of training and competition. Appropriate fitness tests can then be selected and conducted, with comparisons made to determine individual strengths and weaknesses that inform the implementation of appropriate training that focuses on the sport, the athlete and any identified injury risk. It is essential that the sports rehabilitator develop an applied awareness of such methods of assessing an athlete in order to complement their clinical assessments/skills when determining an athlete's readiness to return to sport. A more detailed understanding of the demands of the sports will also be invaluable in terms of implementing effective and evidence-based injury prevention programmes.The primary aim of this chapter is, therefore, to explore how to conduct an appropriate needs analysis. The chapter begins with an exploration of the different components required in order to undertake an effective needs analysis, including the metabolic and mechanical demands of the sport/activity. This leads the reader on to a section on fitness testing, which discusses the variety of testing modalities available, and includes some discussion of the validity and reliability of these methods. The chapter then provides two detailed summaries of needs analyses as examples (football and rugby league) of the process as a whole. Analysing the demands of sportTo analyse the specific demands of the sport, sports rehabilitators must consider the demands placed on the muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory and skeletal systems. They must consider the length of the event; the type, speed and frequency of movement involved; the pattern of play and work-rest ratios; the nature of contact with other players or opponents; and the competition structure. They must consider the combined demands of both training and performance and the injury risk that arises in each. They must consider the nutritional and psychological demands of the sport, and the effect that these may have on performance, recovery and rehabilitation.

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The Effects of Gender and Fatigue on Dynamic Postural Control

Abstract: Gender differences were observed during performance of the SEBT, with women demonstrating greater reach distances and knee flexion, and fatigue amplified these differences.

Cited by 216 publications

References 26 publications

Sex differences in frontal and transverse plane hip and knee kinematics during the modified Star Excursion Balance Test

Sex differences in frontal and transverse plane hip and knee kinematics during the modified Star Excursion Balance Test

Chronic Ankle Instability and Neural Excitability of the Lower Extremity

Assessment and Needs Analysis

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