The Effects of Fruiting Positions on Cellulose Synthesis and Sucrose Metabolism during Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Fiber Development

Abstract

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) boll positions on a fruiting branch vary in their contribution to yield and fiber quality. Fiber properties are dependent on deposition of cellulose in the fiber cell wall, but information about the enzymatic differences in sucrose metabolism between these fruiting positions is lacking. Therefore, two cotton cultivars with different sensitivities to low temperature were tested in 2010 and 2011 to quantify the effect of fruit positions (FPs) on fiber quality in relation to sucrose content, enzymatic activities and sucrose metabolism. The indices including sucrose content, sucrose transformation rate, cellulose content, and the activities of the key enzymes, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), acid invertase (AI) and sucrose synthase (SuSy) which inhibit cellulose synthesis and eventually affect fiber quality traits in cotton fiber, were determined. Results showed that as compared with those of FP1, cellulose content, sucrose content, and sucrose transformation rate of FP3 were all decreased, and the variations of cellulose content and sucrose transformation rate caused by FPs in Sumian 15 were larger than those in Kemian 1. Under FP effect, activities of SPS and AI in sucrose regulation were decreased, while SuSy activity in sucrose degradation was increased. The changes in activities of SuSy and SPS in response to FP effect displayed different and large change ranges between the two cultivars. These results indicate that restrained cellulose synthesis and sucrose metabolism in distal FPs are mainly attributed to the changes in the activities of these enzymes. The difference in fiber quality, cellulose synthesis and sucrose metabolism in response to FPs in fiber cells for the two cotton cultivars was mainly determined by the activities of both SuSy and SPS.

Proteomic Analysis of Differences in Fiber Development between Wild and Cultivated Gossypium hirsutum L.

“…The differentially expressed proteins between YU-3 and TM-1 (Table ) were found to be involved in multiple biological processes, including l -fucose biosynthetic process (GO:0006005, p = 1.95 × 10 –03 ), cell wall organization or biogenesis (GO:0071554, p = 8.17 × 10 –03 ), hexose biosynthetic process (GO:0019319, p = 4.60 × 10 –02 ), very long-chain fatty acid metabolic process (GO:0000038, p = 3.53 × 10 –02 ), l -phenylalanine metabolism (GO:0006558, p = 2.60 × 10 –02 ), carbohydrate biosynthesis (GO:0016051, p = 3.37 × 10 –02 ), acyl-CoA metabolism (GO:0006637, p = 3.67 × 10 –02 ), and so on. A series of components, including carbohydrate, microtubule, cytoskeleton, cellulose, and lipid from the three different ontologies, has been previously reported as being related to fiber development, ,− supporting our results.…”

Highly Regioselective and Efficient Biosynthesis of Polydatin by an Engineered UGTBL1-AtSuSy Cascade Reaction

“…An enzyme assay of At SuSy was conducted according to the methods reported in the literature . The reaction mixture contained 50 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.0), 40 mM sucrose, 10 mM UDP, and 50 μg/mL purified At SuSy.…”

Is change in ovary carbon status a cause or a consequence of maize ovary abortion in water deficit during flowering?

“…The latter is involved in cell and tissue expansion in numerous studies (Morris and Arthur, 1984;Sturm and Tang, 1999;Tang et al, 1999;Kohorn et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2010;Ma et al, 2014). WD reduced expansive growth without altering the carbon status of ovaries and silks as measured on a fresh weight basis; in particular, it induced soluble sugar accumulation and starch synthesis in all reproductive organs, as did an osmotic stress due to salt (Henry et al, 2015).…”