The effects of forearm movements on human gait during walking with various self-selected speeds

Bloom, Jacob; Hejrati, Babak

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2021.102835

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This increase could be due to the presence of a parameter with the same value in all feedback conditions such as the duration of feedback ( t on ). It is notable that there was a small decrease in H 0.6 compared to H 0.8 which could be due to the subjects having to reduce their arm swing amplitude in order to maintain the stability of their body rotational motion at faster walking speed as a common strategy for controlling arm swing during fast walking [4]. The significant changes in arm swing amplitude clearly indicates the ability and efficacy of the feedback to effect change arm swing in the subjects and, thereby, modify their gait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, by analyzing EEG signals of the Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) of the cortex, which is associated with coordinating the motor system, Weersink et al [3] found that preventing arm swing decreases brain activity in that region. Bloom and Hejrati [4] demonstrated that constraining the forearms significantly impacts the patterns of arm swing and interlimb coordination during walking, while increasing the muscle activities of the biceps, trapeziuses, and posterior deltoids that controlled the shoulder motion and trunk rotation. Another study focusing on the timing of EMG signals of the upper and lower limb muscles revealed that the arm activity drives (leads) the lower limbs’ [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, by analyzing EEG signals of the Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) of the cortex, which is associated with coordinating the motor system, Weersink et al [3] found that preventing arm swing decreases brain activity in that region. Bloom and Hejrati [4] demonstrated that constraining the forearms significantly impacts the patterns of The authors are with the Biorobotics and Biomechanics Lab, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA (Corresponding author: Babak Hejrati. babak.hejrati@maine.edu) arm swing and interlimb coordination during walking, while increasing the muscle activities of the biceps, trapeziuses, and posterior deltoids that controlled the shoulder motion and trunk rotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of Arm Swing Frequency and Gait Using Rhythmic Tactile Feedback

Noghani

Hossain

Hejrati

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Due to the neural coupling between upper and lower limbs and the importance of interlimb coordination in human gait, it has been recommended that focusing on appropriate arm swing should be a part of gait rehabilitation in individuals with walking impairments. Despite its vital importance, there is a lack of effective methods to exploit the potential of arm swing inclusion for gait rehabilitation. In this work, we present a lightweight and wireless haptic feedback system that provides highly synchronized vibrotactile cues to the arms to manipulate arm swing and investigate the effects of this manipulation on the subjects' gait in a study with 12 participants (20-44 years). We found the developed system effectively adjusted the subjects' arm swing and stride cycle times by significantly reducing and increasing those parameters by up to 20% and 35%, respectively, compared to their baseline values during normal walking with no feedback. Particularly, the reduction of arms' and legs' cycle times translated into a substantial increase of about 19.3% (on average) in walking speed. The response of the subjects to the feedback was also quantified in both transient and steady-state walking. The analysis of settling times from the transient responses revealed a fast and similar adaptation of both arms' and legs' movements to the feedback for reducing cycle time (i.e., increasing speed). Conversely, larger settling times and the time differences between arms' and legs' responses were observed due to feedback for increasing cycle times (i.e., reducing speed). The results clearly demonstrate the potential of the developed system to induce different arm-swing patterns as well as the ability of the proposed method to modulate key gait parameters through capitalizing on the interlimb neural coupling with implications for gait training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, by analyzing EEG signals of the Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) of the cortex, which is associated with coordinating the motor system, Weersink et al [3] found that preventing arm swing decreases brain activity in that region. Bloom and Hejrati [4] demonstrated that constraining the forearms significantly impacts the patterns of The authors are with the Biorobotics and Biomechanics Lab, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA (Corresponding author: Babak Hejrati. babak.hejrati@maine.edu) arm swing and interlimb coordination during walking, while increasing the muscle activities of the biceps, trapeziuses, and posterior deltoids that controlled the shoulder motion and trunk rotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modulation of Arm Swing Frequency and Gait Using Rhythmic Tactile Feedback

Noghani

Hossain

Hejrati

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The increase was at a similar level across the feedback trials and could be a result of the presence of a parameter with the same value in all feedback conditions such as the duration of feedback (t on ). It is notable that there was a small decrease in Θ a in H 0.6 compared to H 0.8 which could be due to the subjects reducing their arm swing amplitude in order to maintain the stability of their body's rotational motion at faster walking speed as a common strategy for controlling arm swing during fast walking [5]. These results demonstrate that modulating arm swing cycle time may be an effective method to attain improvements in both arm swing amplitude and frequency; however, the observed increase in arm swing amplitude was smaller than when tactile feedback specifically targets arm swing amplitude [32].…”

Section: A Spatiotemporal Parameters and Arm Rommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, by analyzing EEG signals of the supplementary motor area of the cortex, which is associated with coordinating the motor system, Weersink et al [4] found that preventing arm swing decreases brain activity in that region. Bloom and Hejrati [5] demonstrated that constraining the forearms significantly impacts the patterns of arm swing and interlimb coordination during walking while increasing the muscle activities of the biceps, trapeziuses, and posterior deltoids that controlled the shoulder motion and trunk rotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Arm Swing Frequency and Gait Using Rhythmic Tactile Feedback

Noghani

Hossain

Hejrati

2023

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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Due to the neural coupling between upper and lower limbs and the importance of interlimb coordination in human gait, focusing on appropriate arm swing should be a part of gait rehabilitation in individuals with walking impairments. Despite its vital importance, there is a lack of effective methods to exploit the potential of arm swing inclusion for gait rehabilitation. In this work, we present a lightweight and wireless haptic feedback system that provides highly synchronized vibrotactile cues to the arms to manipulate arm swing and investigate the effects of this manipulation on the subjects' gait in a study with 12 participants (20-44 years). We found the developed system effectively adjusted the subjects' arm swing and stride cycle times by significantly reducing and increasing those parameters by up to 20% and 35%, respectively, compared to their baseline values during normal walking with no feedback. Particularly, the reduction of arms' and legs' cycle times translated into a substantial increase of up to 19.3% (on average) in walking speed. The response of the subjects to the feedback was also quantified in both transient and steady-state walking. The analysis of settling times from the transient responses revealed a fast and similar adaptation of both arms' and legs' movements to the feedback for reducing cycle time (i.e., increasing speed). Conversely, larger settling times and the time differences between arms' and legs' responses were observed due to feedback for increasing cycle times (i.e., reducing speed). The results clearly demonstrate the potential of the developed system to induce different arm-swing patterns as well as the ability of the proposed method to modulate key gait parameters through leveraging the interlimb neural coupling, with implications for gait training.

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Analysis of the movements of the upper extremities during gait: Their role for the dynamic balance

Matuszewska

Syczewska

2023

Gait & Posture

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The effects of forearm movements on human gait during walking with various self-selected speeds

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Modulation of Arm Swing Frequency and Gait Using Rhythmic Tactile Feedback

Modulation of Arm Swing Frequency and Gait Using Rhythmic Tactile Feedback

Modulation of Arm Swing Frequency and Gait Using Rhythmic Tactile Feedback

Analysis of the movements of the upper extremities during gait: Their role for the dynamic balance

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