The effects of feeding monensin on rumen microbial communities and methanogenesis in bred heifers fed in a drylot

Melchior, Emily A; Hales, Kristin E; Lindholm‐Perry, A. K.; Freetly, H. C.; Wells, John W.; Hemphill, C.N.; Wickersham, T.A.; Sawyer, J. E.; Myer, Phillip R.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2018.03.019

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…With improved gas analyses, sequencing technologies, and sophisticated bioinformatics tools, current research has not supported this model of monensin action. Examination of the bacterial communities in bred heifers fed monensin in confinement showed that treatment with the ionophore impacted the abundances of individual bacterial taxa, such as populations of cellulolytic Ruminococcus taxa (9). Yet, the proportion of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria did not differ with supplementation.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, the proportion of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria did not differ with supplementation. Furthermore, methanogen abundances and methane and carbon dioxide emissions were not impacted by monensin supplementation (9). The use of heifers in this study was important because the typical 15-month life span of market steers reduces the potential for long-term methane mitigation.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine Genome-Microbiome Interactions: Metagenomic Frontier for the Selection of Efficient Productivity in Cattle Systems

Myer

2019

mSystems

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The mutualistic, commensal, and parasitic microorganisms that reside in the rumen and lower gastrointestinal tract of cattle and other ruminants exert enormous influence over animal physiology and performance. Because these microbial communities are critical for host nutrient utilization and contribute to the metabolic capacity of the rumen, past research has aimed to define host-microbe symbioses in cattle by examining the rumen and lower gut microbiomes with respect to production phenotypes, such as feed efficiency. However, as the field of bovine gut microbial ecology progresses, multidisciplinary approaches must be employed, combining host genomics and other omics-based techniques to understand the complex host-microbe network. In this perspective, I discuss the direction of the field of bovine gut microbial ecology with regard to feed efficiency and explore how the grand challenge of such research will be to maintain host-efficient gut microbiomes in cattle production through manipulations of genome-microbiome interactions.

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Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Genome-Microbiome Interactions: Metagenomic Frontier for the Selection of Efficient Productivity in Cattle Systems

Myer

2019

mSystems

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“…The reduction in methane production has also typically been attributed to monensin use, as the reduced ruminal viability of Gram-positive bacteria impacts the Gram-positive production of substrates available for methanogen growth [77]. However, as technologies have permitted deeper investigation into microbial species, studies have demonstrated that monensin supplementation may not follow the Gram-positive theory, and that rather than suppressing classical Gram-positive bacterial populations, monensin influenced finer shifts in key microbial species important to rumen function [78,79]. In the same studies, methane production was not reduced long-term when heifers were fed monensin in confinement [79].…”

Section: Ruminant Microbiomes and Methane Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as technologies have permitted deeper investigation into microbial species, studies have demonstrated that monensin supplementation may not follow the Gram-positive theory, and that rather than suppressing classical Gram-positive bacterial populations, monensin influenced finer shifts in key microbial species important to rumen function [78,79]. In the same studies, methane production was not reduced long-term when heifers were fed monensin in confinement [79]. These mixed results provide further evidence that additional research is needed regarding methane mitigation, specifically from a dietary or dietary supplementation approach.…”

Section: Ruminant Microbiomes and Methane Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiomes in ruminant protein production and food security.

Myer¹,

Clemmons²,

Schneider³

et al. 2019

CABI Reviews

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The global population is rapidly increasing and will surpass 10 billion people within the next 20 years. As diminishing resources continue to impact agriculture, and with the necessity to feed the world by 2050, the agricultural sector must be able to sustainably and efficiently produce high-quality sources of food that are both attainable to the global population and contribute to healthy, balanced nutrition. Ruminants are a unique contributor towards a sustainable and food secure world, as they are available and utilized across all economic and social demographics, and can produce high-quality protein from otherwise inedible plants from land that is typically unsuitable for crop production or cultivation. Thus, developing tools, methodologies, and systems for optimizing the production of protein from ruminants stands to make great impacts on food security. Breeding and genetics have played a role in this development, but cannot be a singular solution. Microbes are present at abundances that equal or exceed host cell counts, are ubiquitous throughout all mammalian systems and are required for regular host-physiological functions. Optimizing these host-microbe-symbioses in ruminants permits the opportunity to augment the utility and efficiency of microbiomes and their functions to produce production-specific phenotypes and outputs. This review, therefore, examines the role of microbiomes in ruminants to efficiently and sustainably produce high-quality protein for human consumption to aid in efforts to achieve global food security.

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“…For decades, ionophores such as monensin have been effectively adopted as feed supplements to modulate ruminal fermentation and boost feed efficiency in livestock production (Khorrami et al, 2015;Melchior et al, 2018). Monensin may modify ruminal fermentation mainly by enhancing energy status via an antiporter action (Newbold et al, 2013) and inhibiting ruminal fungi, protozoa, and Gram-positive bacteria rather than Gram-negative bacteria (Duffield et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Four Essential Oils as Potential Alternatives for Monensin on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Nutrient Degradability

Elwakeel

Al‐Sagheer

Ahmed

2019

Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds

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he objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of four essential oils (EOs) from guava (Psidium guajava), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) on gas production and rumen fermentation in vitro as a natural substitute for the ionophore antibiotic monensin. These EOs are chemically characterised by Gas Chromatography Mass and evaluated in vitro at four different concentrations (0, 15, 30, and 45 µl per 45 ml buffered rumen fluid) regarding their effects on gas production and rumen fermentation characteristics and were compared to those of monensin. Compared to the negative control, monensin significantly depressed gas production and truly degraded dry matter (TDDM) but enhanced propionate production. All EOs except P. graveolens significantly decreased gas production with increasing concentrations. TDDM was significantly reduced with C. citratus (at 45 µl) and P. graveolens (at 30 and 45 µl). No significant change was detected in the ammonia nitrogen concentration with all assayed EOs except C. nardus and C. Citrus. Compared to monensin and the negative control, C. nardus and C. Citrus reduced the ammonia concentration at high levels. High levels of all tested EOs significantly reduced protozoa counts. The EOs of C. citratus (at 45 µl) and P. graveolens (at 30 and 45 µl) also significantly increased the acetate proportion. Moreover, the acetate to propionate ratio was significantly increased by 30 µl P. graveolens. The results of the current study concluded that the tested EOs, except P. graveolens, efficiently diminished gas production with a similar potency to monensin. Furthermore, they exceed the monensin in their ability to reduce the ammonia nitrogen concentration and protozoa count without adversely affecting volatile fatty acid levels. But, they were less effective than monensin in modifying ruminal volatile fatty acid profile especially propionate and acetate to propionate ratio. Hence, P. guajava, C. nardus, and C. citratus EOs could be a safe and promising rumen manipulator.

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The effects of feeding monensin on rumen microbial communities and methanogenesis in bred heifers fed in a drylot

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Bovine Genome-Microbiome Interactions: Metagenomic Frontier for the Selection of Efficient Productivity in Cattle Systems

Bovine Genome-Microbiome Interactions: Metagenomic Frontier for the Selection of Efficient Productivity in Cattle Systems

Microbiomes in ruminant protein production and food security.

Evaluation of the Effect of Four Essential Oils as Potential Alternatives for Monensin on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Nutrient Degradability

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