The effects of familiarity and emotional expression on face processing examined by ERPs in patients with schizophrenia

Neural Correlates of Face Familiarity in Institutionally Reared Children With Distinctive, Atypical Social Behavior

“…Such cross-study inconsistency might be explained by the fact that the current study included a wider age range than did the BEIP, with the effects under consideration being detected in the older children. Such an analysis would seem consistent with evidence that the N170, a marker for the structural encoding and configural processing of faces (Caharel et al, 2007;Eimer, 2011), changes significantly throughout development (Kuefner, de Heering, Jacques, Palmero-Soler, & Rossion, 2010;Taylor, Batty, & Itier, 2004). Future studies seeking to clarify this issue should repeatedly measure the N170 in institutionalized and family-reared children as they develop.…”

“…Therefore, the reduced peak amplitude among the institutionalized children, particularly those with IB, could reflect some kind of (e.g., attentional) deficit at the sensory stage of visual perception of faces; however, given that institutionalized children's reduced amplitudes-both in ours and others' studies-continue throughout the entire ERP epoch, a more generalized deficit in face processing is more likely.suggests deficits at the sensory stage of visual perception of faces or in selective attention (Caharel et al, 2007).…”

“…Starting with the P1, even though it is a component that does not show sensitivity to facial identity in adults or typically developing children (Caharel et al, 2007;Caharel, Courtay, Bernard, Lalonde, & Rebaï, 2005;Todd et al, 2008), given that it corresponds to a very early sensory response, it is influenced by selective attention (Hillyard & AnlloVento, 1998). Therefore, the reduced peak amplitude among the institutionalized children, particularly those with IB, could reflect some kind of (e.g., attentional) deficit at the sensory stage of visual perception of faces; however, given that institutionalized children's reduced amplitudes-both in ours and others' studies-continue throughout the entire ERP epoch, a more generalized deficit in face processing is more likely.suggests deficits at the sensory stage of visual perception of faces or in selective attention (Caharel et al, 2007).…”

“…In order to interpret these inconsistencies it is important to take into account that although the N170 has generally been considered to index the structural encoding of physical information in faces (Caharel et al, 2007;Kuefner et al, 2010), its role in identity processing is not as well established (Caharel et al, 2002;de Haan et al, 2007;Eimer, 2011;Taylor, Batty, & Itier, 2004). The inconsistencies in findings, then, might also result from developmental changes in face processing in general, and in changes in the N170 in particular (Taylor et al, 2004;Taylor, McCarthy, Saliba, & Degiovanni, 1999).…”

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Lesions Produce Early Functional Alterations during Remote Memory Retrieval

“…The P1 mean amplitude was quantified over the 90 -110 ms interval at occipital (O1 and O2) and cerebellar (CB1 and CB2) electrodes in line with previous research on face perception (Caharel et al, 2002(Caharel et al, , 2006Jemel et al, 2003;Itier and Taylor, 2004;Jemel et al, 2005;Anaki et al, 2007). Similarly, the effect of lesion and familiarity on the mean amplitude of the face sensitive N170 (Bentin and Deouell, 2000;Caharel et al, 2002Caharel et al, , 2006Caharel et al, , 2007Rossion and Gauthier, 2002;Jemel et al, 2003Jemel et al, , 2005Itier and Taylor, 2004;Anaki et al, 2007;Marzi and Viggiano, 2007) was quantified over the 150 -190 ms interval at inferior parietal (P7 and P8) and cerebellar (CB1 and CB2) electrodes. The P2 mean amplitude wave was measured for the 280 -320 ms interval at occipital (O1 and O2) and cerebellar (CB1 and CB2) electrodes.…”