The effects of exercise training on inflammatory markers in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Khalafi, Mousa; Symonds, Michael E.; Faramarzi, Marzieh; Sharifmoradi, Kayvan; Maleki, Aref Habibi; Rosenkranz, Sara K.

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114524

Physiology & Behavior

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114524

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The effects of exercise training on inflammatory markers in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mousa Khalafi,

Michael E. Symonds,

Marzieh Faramarzi

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on the inflammatory profile of children with overweight/obesity: A randomized clinical trial

Gil‐Cosano,

Plaza‐Florido,

Gracia‐Marco

et al. 2024

Pediatric Obesity

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SummaryBackgroundWe assessed the effects of a 20‐week combined (aerobic and resistance) exercise training programme on the inflammatory profile of prepubertal children with overweight or obesity.MethodsTotally 109 participants (10.1 ± 1.1 years, 41% girls) were randomly allocated to an exercise or control group. Adiponectin, C‐reactive protein, epidermal growth factor, insulin‐like growth factor‐1, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, leptin, tumour necrosis factor‐α and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were analysed in plasma. Total white blood cell (WBC) count and immune subpopulations (eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) were also determined.ResultsNo intervention effect was found for any of the analysed biomarkers (all p ≥ 0.05). We observed a significant sex by intervention interaction for IL‐1β (p = 0.03). When stratifying the sample by sex, the exercise programme induced a significant effect on IL‐1β levels (mean Z‐score difference, 0.66 [95% confidence interval 0.32–1.01]) in girls, but not in boys. A lower number of girls in the exercise group showed a meaningful reduction in IL‐1β (i.e., ≥0.2 standard deviations) than in the control group (15% vs. 85%, p = 0.01).ConclusionsThis exercise programme failed to improve the inflammatory profile in prepubertal children with overweight/obesity. Future studies should explore the effect of longer exercise interventions and in combination with diet.

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Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on the inflammatory profile of children with overweight/obesity: A randomized clinical trial

Gil‐Cosano,

Plaza‐Florido,

Gracia‐Marco

et al. 2024

Pediatric Obesity

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Associations of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors with oral health indictors in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis

Burns,

Almes,

2024

JASSB

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Background The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity (PA), recreational screen time, and sleep with indicators of poor oral health in youth. Methods Participants were children and adolescents whose parents completed the 2022 National Survey of Children’s Health (N = 34,342; 49% female; Mean age = 11.9 +/- 3.5 years). The dependent variables were three binary response items that indicated the presence of toothaches, bleeding gums, and cavities within the previous 12 months. Independent variables were three items indicating the weekly frequency of 60 min of PA, hours of recreational screen time, and hours of weeknight sleep. Relationships between variables were examined using double-selection logistic regression with demographic, dietary, oral hygiene, and dental service covariates selected using the plug-in method of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Results Compared to zero days of PA, 4–6 days of PA per week was associated with 30% lower odds of bleeding gums (p = 0.021). Compared to less than 1 h of recreational screen time, 2 h or more hours of recreational screen time were associated with a 1.26 to 1.62 times higher odds of cavities (p < 0.01). Compared to 5 h or less of sleep, 7 to 10 h of sleep was associated with 47–61% lower odds of bleeding gums and 31–47% lower odds of cavities (p < 0.01). Secondary analyses indicated that at least 2 of the movement behavior recommendations had to have been adhered to for positive associations with indicators of oral health to be observed. For toothaches, bleeding gums, and cavities, meeting 2 or 3 recommendations was associated with lower odds of poor oral health; whereas adhering to only one recommendation was not. Conclusion Children with higher PA and sleep durations had improved oral health indicators and children with longer periods of screen time exposure had poorer oral health indicators. Our findings recommend adhering to multiple movement behavior recommendations to achieve improvements in oral health indicators.

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The effects of exercise training on inflammatory markers in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 83 publications

Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on the inflammatory profile of children with overweight/obesity: A randomized clinical trial

Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on the inflammatory profile of children with overweight/obesity: A randomized clinical trial

Associations of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors with oral health indictors in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis

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