The effects of exercise intensity on the cortisol response to a subsequent acute psychosocial stressor

Caplin, Adam; Chen, Frances S.; Beauchamp, Mark R.; Puterman, Eli

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105336

Cited by 62 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Cortisol, the principal glucocorticoid in humans, plays a major role in immune function and is used as a biomarker to verify stress levels [43]. In previous studies, increased cortisol levels were observed after exercise compared to those before exercise due to the stress of the exercise stimulus [44][45][46]. However, cortisol levels decreased in all groups immediately after exercise and further decreased after 3 h of exercise compared with pre-exercise levels in the current study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

The Effects of Exercise on Acute Immune Responses in Relative Leisure-Deprived People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Pilot Study

Qin

Park

Kim

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Exercise training involving exercises of optimal intensity and duration improves psychological and medical variables in relative leisure-deprived people living with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to analyze associated psychological variables and the effect of exercise intensity and duration on immune responses in relative leisure-deprived people infected with HIV. The participants completed different moderate-intensity exercises (30 min (60–80% HRmax) and 45 min (60–80% HRmax)) and high-intensity exercise for 10 min (>80% HRmax). Levels higher than “normal” were rated for relative leisure deprivation, indicating relative deprivation of leisure among participants. The overall level of quality of life was “normal”, indicating that quality of life was not considered high. The stress level was psychologically considered low. Time had a significant effect on cortisol levels (p < 0.05). Compared to pre-exercise, cortisol level was significantly decreased immediately after moderate exercise for 45 min and 3 h post-exercise after high-intensity exercise for 10 min (p < 0.05). However, time and the interaction of condition and time had no significant effect on IL-6 and sIgA levels (p > 0.05). Despite the small sample size of this pilot study, the results demonstrate that moderate-intensity exercise can be recommended to improve the health and quality of life of people infected with HIV.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

The Effects of Exercise on Acute Immune Responses in Relative Leisure-Deprived People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Pilot Study

Qin

Park

Kim

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Additionally, chronic increases in cortisol levels are a known cause of mental and social stress, and exercise is effective for the control of cortisol secretion [ 34 ]. A previous study showed that 30 min of exercise will moderate cortisol increases during the occurrence of subsequent psychosocial stressors [ 35 ]. Thus, it is possible that the exercise habit reduced cortisol reactivity and alleviated the effects of the psychosocial aspect of the stressor of menstruation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between the severity of perimenstrual symptoms and a regular exercise habit in Japanese young women: a cross-sectional online survey

et al. 2022

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Background Experiencing perimenstrual symptoms is a major health concern for young women. Women in the reproductive age experience menstruation about once a month, and many experience perimenstrual symptoms. Drug therapies such as painkillers (commonly used) and hormonal medications help to achieve symptomatic relief from perimenstrual symptoms. However, many women are concerned about tolerance and compliance of the drugs used to treat perimenstrual symptoms and lack awareness on how to cope with perimenstrual symptoms. If the association between exercise habits and the severity of symptoms is emphasized in young women, methods for coping with perimenstrual symptoms can be established, not relying only on pharmaceuticals. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the severity of perimenstrual symptoms in young Japanese women with and without a regular exercise habit. Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey was sent among 500 Japanese women aged 18–25 years. The severity of perimenstrual symptoms was assessed using the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ). The differences in MDQ scores between those with and without exercise habits (exercise for more than 30 min for 2 days a week) were compared using the chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test. The logistic regression analysis detected subscales of the premenstrual and menstrual symptoms affected by an exercise habit. Results 282 (56.4%) young Japanese women were answered this survey. Respondents were divided into the exercise group (n = 157) and the non-exercise group (n = 125). The exercise group had significantly low premenstrual and menstrual MDQ scores. The results of the logistic regression analysis stated that the subscale related to negative emotion before menstruation was associated with an exercise habit. In the analysis performed during menstruation, a statistically significant association was detected between an exercise habit and a behavioral change such as avoiding interaction with others. Conclusions This study suggested that exercise habits may reduce the severity of perimenstrual symptoms and could help to develop a non-pharmacological coping strategy. In addition, this study provides useful information for young women who want to prevent perimenstrual symptoms but do not have an exercise habit. Further, it may encourage young women to start exercising.

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“…The mobilization of glucocorticoids regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, and is involved – for instance – in the immune responses during inflammation ( Dunford and Riddell, 2016 ). Prolonged activation of these axes through PE results in temporal reduction of stress hormones during practice (e.g., for cortisol, see Caplin et al, 2021 ), as these become part of the metabolic cycles that become active.…”

Section: Pe Augmented Mindfulness As a Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As expected, while both practices improved cardiorespiratory fitness, aerobic exercise was found to be more effective. Furthermore, following single bouts of aerobic exercise of different intensity, research found post-exercise SNS withdrawal to depend on practice intensity, as it was found to dampen the HPA-axis stress response in a dose-dependent manner ( Caplin et al, 2021 ). Likewise, research describes acute and chronic exercise-induced changes in GH levels to be strongly associated with practice intensity (e.g., 30 min on 70% VO 2 max; Gilbert et al, 2008 ), though sufficient exercise volume may also be required ( Sabag et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Mindful Walking As An Alternative To Aerobic Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

PE augmented mindfulness: A neurocognitive framework for research and future healthcare

Sars¹

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Various well-controlled studies have suggested that practitioners in mindfulness can be prone to patient drop-out (e.g., due to chronic stress, pathology, cognitive reactivity), despite researchers having identified the underlying mechanisms that link mindfulness to mental health. In this article, a framework for physical exercise (PE) augmented mindfulness is proposed, which posits that consistently practiced PE before meditation can support (early-stage) mindfulness. Neurocognitive research shows PE (aerobic exercises or yoga) and mindfulness to impact similar pathways of stress regulation that involve cognitive control and stress regulation, thereby supporting the proposed synergistic potential of PE augmented mindfulness. Research focused on the psychophysiological impact of PE, showed its practice to promote short-term neurocognitive changes that can promote both cognitive control and the attainment of mindful awareness (MA). In order to chart dose responses required for protocol development, further research will be presented. Together these findings are discussed in light of future research on this multidisciplinary topic, protocol development, mindful walking, and further application in healthcare and beyond.

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The effects of exercise intensity on the cortisol response to a subsequent acute psychosocial stressor

Cited by 62 publications

References 40 publications

The Effects of Exercise on Acute Immune Responses in Relative Leisure-Deprived People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Pilot Study

The Effects of Exercise on Acute Immune Responses in Relative Leisure-Deprived People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Pilot Study

The relationship between the severity of perimenstrual symptoms and a regular exercise habit in Japanese young women: a cross-sectional online survey

PE augmented mindfulness: A neurocognitive framework for research and future healthcare

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