The effects of exercise intensity and post-exercise recovery time on cortical activation as revealed by EEG alpha peak frequency

Gutmann, Boris; Zimmer, Philipp; Hülsdünker, Thorben; Lefebvre, Jérémie; Binnebößel, Stephan; Oberste, Max; Bloch, Wilhelm; Strüder, Heiko K.; Mierau, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.007

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the Gutmann et al . () study, the ratio between IAF to HR immediately after exercise is 10.4/3.12 = 3.33, which suggests frequency decoupling of HR from brain oscillations. This is not surprising, because immediately after exhaustive exercise cognitive performance is impaired.…”

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Positive effects of exercise on cognitive performance are most pronounced after a delay of 10–20 min (Chang et al ., ) in a very similar way as IAF stays elevated in the study of Gutmann et al . () before it drops to baseline. Evidence for a covariation between IAF and HR was also reported in a sleep study by Lechinger et al .…”

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Evidence for a covariation between brain and body oscillations comes from the above mentioned study from Gutmann et al . (). They found a significant increase in IAF of about 0.4 Hz after exercise relative to a baseline condition, which is paralleled by an increase in HR.…”

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…() measured HR and IAF in a sample of 97 healthy young subjects during a baseline condition and after exhaustive physical exercise. Calculated from their data (Gutmann et al ., ; Supporting Information), mean IAF, and mean HR were 9.87 Hz and 1.18 Hz (= 71.05 bpm) respectively. When substituting HR = 1.18 Hz for s in formula (1), the predicted frequency for IAF = 1.18 × 2 3 = 9.44 Hz, and its bandwidth is 7.64–11.67 Hz.…”

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The frequency architecture of brain and brain body oscillations: an analysis

Klimesch

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

152

149

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Research on brain oscillations has brought up a picture of coupled oscillators. Some of the most important questions that will be analyzed are, how many frequencies are there, what are the coupling principles, what their functional meaning is, and whether body oscillations follow similar coupling principles. It is argued that physiologically, two basic coupling principles govern brain as well as body oscillations: (i) amplitude (envelope) modulation between any frequencies m and n, where the phase of the slower frequency m modulates the envelope of the faster frequency n, and (ii) phase coupling between m and n, where the frequency of n is a harmonic multiple of m. An analysis of the center frequency of traditional frequency bands and their coupling principles suggest a binary hierarchy of frequencies. This principle leads to the foundation of the binary hierarchy brain body oscillation theory. Its central hypotheses are that the frequencies of body oscillations can be predicted from brain oscillations and that brain and body oscillations are aligned to each other. The empirical evaluation of the predicted frequencies for body oscillations is discussed on the basis of findings for heart rate, heart rate variability, breathing frequencies, fluctuations in the BOLD signal, and other body oscillations. The conclusion is that brain and many body oscillations can be described by a single system, where the cross talk – reflecting communication – within and between brain and body oscillations is governed by m : n phase to envelope and phase to phase coupling.

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Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The Binary Hierarchy Brain Body Oscillation Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The frequency architecture of brain and brain body oscillations: an analysis

Klimesch

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

152

149

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In previous research, techniques such as electroencephalography, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, functional magnetic resonance, positron emission tomography, and magnetoencephalography [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] have been applied in the field of sports science, and are allowing a better understanding of these types of phenomena. These neuroimaging techniques allow us to understand the effects of physical exercise on cognition more comprehensively, and it has been shown that exercising at higher exercise intensities leads to a more pronounced change in physical fitness and the brain [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Fitness, Selective Attention and Academic Performance in a Pre-Adolescent Sample

Páez-Maldonado

Reigal

Baro

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The purpose of the current study is to analyze the relationships between physical fitness, selective attention, and academic performance in pre-teens. The sample here consists of 135 participants between the ages of 10 and 12 (M = 11.05; SD = 0.61), with 39.26% female (n = 53) and 60.74% male (n = 82) participants. Horizontal and vertical jump distances, speed, and cardio-respiratory fitness were evaluated to assess physical fitness. The d2 Test of Attention was used to evaluate selective attention. In addition, data were obtained regarding participant academic performance by analyzing the academic performance. The results show significant relationships between the measures analyzed, highlighting positive associations between physical fitness, cognitive functioning, and academic performance. Thus, participants who were fitter scored better on tests of attention (Z133 = −4.07; p < 0.00007, Cohen’s d = 0.75, 95% CI (0.39, 1.11)) and concentration (t133 = −3.84; p < 0.0007, Cohen’s d = 0.69, 95% CI (0.33, 1.05)), as well as having higher academic performance (Z133 = −2.84; p < 0.0035, Cohen’s d = 0.39, 95% CI (0.04, 0.75)). Cardiorespiratory fitness was the measure of physical fitness that best explained these relationships. The results suggest that maintaining and improving the physical fitness of children and adolescents may help their brain function develop better.

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Evaluating the effectiveness of physical exercise in improving standardized testing performances through attention indices

Huang¹,

Huang²,

Chang

et al. 2022

Brain and Behavior

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Introduction: In the United States, standardized tests have risen in prevalence, extending their importance from education placement to employment. Attention is crucial to improving testing performance. Past studies have established that acute, coordinative, aerobic exercise improves attention, which is measured by the D2 Attention Test, emotional analysis, reading time, and eye movement tracking. No studies have drawn connections between physical exercise's quantifiable improvement in attention to improvements in standardized tests; therefore, this study would attempt to do so.Methods: This study defines attention to be positively related to reading speed and negatively related to the number of eye drifts. High school students were selected to read and answer two reading passages from an SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) exam, before and after a short 80% intensity run. Their reading times, facial video, and test scores were recorded. Dlib plots the facial landmark and OpenCV tracks movement of the pupil.Results: Through paired-samples t-tests, this study found out that after exercise, subjects displayed increased reading speed and fewer eye drifts, coupled with increased mean scores. Conclusion:Thus, this study demonstrated that running, as an acute, coordinative, aerobic exercise, helps increase the testing performance of the SAT reading section by measuring attention. Future research could focus on including head movement as an attention index, replicate the experiment on different standardized tests or exercises, and conduct natural experiments to better simulate real-life conditions to increase applicability.

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The effects of exercise intensity and post-exercise recovery time on cortical activation as revealed by EEG alpha peak frequency

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

The frequency architecture of brain and brain body oscillations: an analysis

The frequency architecture of brain and brain body oscillations: an analysis

Physical Fitness, Selective Attention and Academic Performance in a Pre-Adolescent Sample

Evaluating the effectiveness of physical exercise in improving standardized testing performances through attention indices

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