The effects of exercise and nicotine replacement therapy on smoking rates in women

Prapavessis, Harry; Cameron, Linda D.; Baldi, James C.; Robinson, Stewart M.; Borrie, Kendra; Harper, Therese; Grove, J. Robert

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.10.005

Cited by 78 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Although a sub-sample of participants received NRT as part of the treatment, the role of NRT was not systematically evaluated. Prapavessis et al (2007) investigated whether exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy produced similar effects on cessation and whether NRT increased the effects of exercise. Although the effect did not reach statistical significance, their findings suggested that exercise facilitated smoking cessation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as an adjunct to nicotine gum in treating tobacco dependence among women

Kinnunen

Leeman

Korhonen

et al. 2008

Nicotine & Tobacco Res.

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This was the first randomized, controlled smoking cessation trial assessing the efficacy of an exercise intervention as an adjunct to nicotine gum therapy in comparison to both equal contact control and standard care control conditions. Sedentary female smokers aged 18-55 were provided with nicotine gum treatment along with brief behavioral counseling and were randomized into one of these three behavioral adjunct conditions. In the "intent-to-treat" sample (N=182), at end of treatment and at one-year follow up, there were clear, but non-significant, trends in univariate analyses in which the exercise and equal contact control conditions both had higher rates of abstinence than the standard care control. However, when adjusting for other predictors of relapse in a multiple logistic regression, both exercise and equal contact control showed an advantage over standard care control in avoiding early relapse (i.e., after 1 week). In a multivariate survival model adjusting for other predictors, the equal contact condition had a significantly lower likelihood of relapse compared to the standard care condition and there was a near significant trend in which exercise offered an advantage over standard care as well. While these findings suggest a slightly improved likelihood of abstinence with exercise compared with standard care, exercise did not differ from equal contact control in its efficacy. Potential explanations for these equivalent levels of efficacy and implications for the findings are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as an adjunct to nicotine gum in treating tobacco dependence among women

Kinnunen

Leeman

Korhonen

et al. 2008

Nicotine & Tobacco Res.

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“…Considerando la contrastada eficacia de los tratamientos con sustitutivos de nicotina en la reducción del aumento de peso al dejar de fumar (Parsons, Shraim, Inglis, Aveyard y Hajek, 2009), Prapavessis et al, (2007) realizaron un estudio con una muestra de 142 mujeres inactivas para evaluar el efecto añadido del ejercicio físico sobre dicho tratamiento. Entre aquellas que mantuvieron la abstinencia, no se mostraron diferencias en la ganancia de peso entre los grupos de ejercicio físico y control cuando las participantes recibían tratamiento farmacológico con parches de nicotina.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Aunque la gran mayoría de los estudios se han focalizado exclusivamente en el efecto del ejercicio aeróbico, un reciente estudio piloto sugiere que el ejercicio de fuerza muscular favorece la reducción tanto del peso como del porcentaje de grasa corporal en personas en tratamiento para dejar de fumar Otros estudios han mostrado que la intervención combinada mediante terapia sustitutiva de nicotina y un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado facilita la abstinencia de tabaco en mujeres fumadoras sedentarias (Prapavessis et al, 2007) y que un incremento del nivel de actividad física podría ayudar a mantener la abstinencia durante las primeras semanas (Ussher et al, 2003). Asimismo, tal y como muestra un estudio reciente , el ejercicio de fuerza muscular, al igual que el ejercicio aeróbico, podría mejorar las tasas de abstinencia prolongada, aunque este tipo de ejercicio ha sido poco estudiado hasta la actualidad en el ámbito de los trastornos adictivos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efectividad del ejercicio físico como intervención coadyuvante en las adicciones: una revisión

Siñol¹,

Martínez-Sánchez²,

Guillamó

et al. 2013

Adicciones

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Resumen AbstractGiven the benefits that exercise brings to physical and mental health, several authors have investigated its effectiveness as a treatment for various pathologies such as addictive disorders. The aim of this paper is to review the literature regarding the effectiveness of exercise as a complementary intervention for treatment of psychoactive substance dependence. To achieve this aim, a bibliographic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, The Cochrane Library, TESEO and TDX. Those articles which evaluated the effectiveness of exercise on craving, withdrawal symptoms and abstinence rates were selected. Regarding nicotine dependence, those studies which evaluated the effectiveness of exercise for reducing weight gain after quitting smoking were also chosen. Seventeen articles met the selection criteria. The usefulness of exercise as a complementary strategy along with habitual therapeutic treatments for psychoactive substance dependence seems to be demonstrated, especially in nicotine dependence for the following variables: achieving or maintaining abstinence, and reducing craving or withdrawal symptoms. Further studies are nevertheless required, especially on illegal psychoactive substance dependence to be able to achieve conclusive results. We must also equally note that this kind of intervention is widely accepted by the drug using community, fact that would make of it a particularly useful tool in treating people with addictive disorders.Key Words: Exercise, physical activity, intervention, substance dependence, treatmentDados los beneficios que aporta el ejercicio físico sobre la salud física y mental, varios autores han explorado la efectividad del mismo como tratamiento en diversas patologías, entre ellas los trastornos adictivos. El objetivo de este artículo fue revisar la literatura existente sobre la efectividad del ejercicio físico como intervención coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la dependencia de sustancias psicoactivas. Para conseguir dicho objetivo se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, The Cochrane Library, TESEO y TDX. Se seleccionaron aquellos artículos que evaluaban la efectividad del ejercicio físico sobre el craving, la sintomatología de abstinencia, el mantenimiento de la abstinencia y en el caso de la dependencia de nicotina también aquellos que evaluaban el efecto del ejercicio sobre el aumento de peso al dejar de fumar. Diecisiete artículos cumplieron los criterios de selección. La utilidad del ejercicio físico como estrategia coadyuvante en los tratamientos habituales para la dependencia de sustancias psicoactivas parece demostrada, tanto para favorecer la reducción del consumo como para facilitar la disminución del craving y la sintomatología de abstinencia, especialmente en el caso de la dependencia de nicotina. Sin embargo, especialmente en el caso de la dependencia de sustancias psicoactivas ilegales, son necesarios más estudios para llegar a resultados...

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“…Three randomized controlled trials have shown that smokers who completed an exercise intervention had significantly higher cessation rates at the end of treatment than did controls. [14][15][16] However, additional research has demonstrated only marginally significant improvements in cessation rates among smokers participating in an exercise intervention relative to controls, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and other studies have found no differences in cessation outcomes between exercise and control conditions. [24][25][26] Thus, the efficacy of exercise interventions for smoking cessation remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Body Weight Does Not Mediate the Relationship Between Exercise and Smoking Cessation Among Weight-Concerned Women Smokers

Emery

Levine

Cheng

et al. 2014

NICTOB

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Introduction: Exercise has received attention as a method to prevent or reduce postcessation weight gain. However, little is known about how weight changes following quit attempts contribute to the relationship between exercise and smoking cessation. The present study assessed how exercise relates to cessation and whether initial changes in exercise after quitting smoking promote cessation through attenuated weight gain. Methods: Weight-concerned women smokers (N = 342) receiving cessation treatment provided biochemical validation of cessation, reported weekly exercise activities, and were weighed at 1, 3, and 6 months following treatment initiation. Survival analyses were used to determine time to and risk of relapse among women who reported engaging in varied levels of exercise at baseline. A mediation analysis was used to examine whether the effect of initial changes in exercise on longer-term cessation was driven by change in weight. All analyses were adjusted for relevant covariates. Results: Women smokers who reported high levels of exercise at baseline were less likely to relapse and returned to smoking more gradually than did women who reported low levels of exercise. Change in weight did not mediate the relationship between exercise and cessation. Conclusions: Cessation interventions utilizing an exercise component may have to develop exercise regimens of either higher duration or greater intensity to produce beneficial cessation outcomes, particularly when targeting sedentary smokers. Given that change in weight did not mediate the relationship between exercise and cessation, it is likely that other mediational processes are involved.

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The effects of exercise and nicotine replacement therapy on smoking rates in women

Cited by 78 publications

References 39 publications

Exercise as an adjunct to nicotine gum in treating tobacco dependence among women

Exercise as an adjunct to nicotine gum in treating tobacco dependence among women

Efectividad del ejercicio físico como intervención coadyuvante en las adicciones: una revisión

Change in Body Weight Does Not Mediate the Relationship Between Exercise and Smoking Cessation Among Weight-Concerned Women Smokers

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