The Effects of Ethnic Identity, Ethnicity, and Gender on Adolescent Well-Being

Martinez, Rubén O.; Dukes, Richard L.

doi:10.1023/a:1024525821078

Cited by 278 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Just as adolescent US cultural involvement was related to lower internalizing symptoms, adolescent culture-of-origin involvement was associated with higher self-esteem. Contributing to the literature on ethnic identity and self-esteem [12,[21][22][23], these findings positively connected culture-of-origin involvement to person-centered, longitudinal trajectories of self-esteem.…”

Section: Cultural Assets and Acculturation Stressorssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…US-born adolescents may be more assimilated, lack culture-of-origin cultural assets, such as familism, and may be less bicultural. Researchers have consistently found a positive relationship between ethnic identity and self-esteem [12,[21][22][23]. Over time, a loss of ethnic identity may be the reason why US-born Latino adolescents-who have lived in the US longer-reported lower self-esteem than did immigrant adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have consistently found a positive relationship between culture-of-origin involvement, indexed by an affiliated construct called ethnic identity, and self-esteem [12,[21][22][23]. After examining a sample of 669 Latino, African American, and Caucasian US-born high-school students, Phinney et al [22] reported that ethnic identity predicted higher self-esteem in all three ethnic groups.…”

Section: Culture-of-origin Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Risk Factors and Cultural Assets on Latino Adolescents’ Trajectories of Self-Esteem and Internalizing Symptoms

Smokowski

Rose

Bacallao

2009

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

114

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In this study, we examined longitudinal, person-centered trajectories of acculturation, internalizing symptoms, and self-esteem in 349 Latino adolescents. We compared acculturation measures (time in the US, culture-of-origin involvement, US cultural involvement, for both parents and adolescents); acculturation stressors (perceived discrimination, acculturation conflicts); and family dynamics (parent-adolescent conflict, familism). Results indicated that, over time, Latino adolescents' internalizing problems decreased and their self-esteem increased. However, we showed that increased length of time living in the US was significantly related to lower self-esteem among adolescents. Parent-adolescent conflict was a strong risk factor, which not only directly heightened internalizing symptoms and lowered self-esteem, but also mediated the effects of acculturation conflicts and perceived discrimination on these outcomes. Our findings revealed familism as a cultural asset associated with fewer internalizing symptoms and higher self-esteem. Internalizing symptoms were also minimized by the adolescent's involvement in the US culture whereas bicultural adolescents with high culture-of-origin involvement reported higher self-esteem. We discussed the limitations and implications of this study for future research and practice.

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Section: Cultural Assets and Acculturation Stressorssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Culture-of-origin Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Risk Factors and Cultural Assets on Latino Adolescents’ Trajectories of Self-Esteem and Internalizing Symptoms

Smokowski

Rose

Bacallao

2009

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

114

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“…For example, Phinney (1990) suggested that ethnic identity manifests in a more visible and salient way in people who live in a multiethnic environment, and particularly in individuals who perceive themselves as minorities in a majority context, because they would experience their ethno-cultural differences at a more conscious level. A certain and clear ethnic identity may facilitate emotional security and a sense of advantage in living in a multicultural society and, in turn, good feelings about themselves and emotional well-being (Martinez & Dukes, 1997). This is not necessarily always the case in that, as in our study, ethnic identity did not contribute to well-being as the national identity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Collective identity assets for psychological well-being in Slovene minority and Italian majority adolescents in Italy

Kosic¹,

Dimitrova²

2017

Current Issues in Personality Psychology

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backgroundWe examined core assets of collective identity for enhanced psychological well-being among hardly investigated Slovene ethnic minority and Italian majority youth in Italy. The Slovene minority is an autochthonous minority living in Italy since the 6 th century. participants and procedureWe tested a model based on the notion that collective identity derives from familial, ethnic and religious identities as important sources of identification for youth in line with prior work on the salience and relations among these sources. Participants were 114 Slovene and 144 Italian adolescents (aged 14 to 18 years old) living in the North-East of Italy. They filled in standardized measures on ethnic, national, familial and religious identity, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive Affective Schedule. resultsPath models showed that stronger collective identity was related to higher scores of perceived psychological wellbeing. Interestingly, for the Slovene minority youth, ethnic Slovenian identity was unrelated to collective identity. Overall, among all youth, all identity components loaded into a single factor of collective identity, confirming previous studies with bicultural minority youth. conclusionsThe findings shed light on the path linking multiple aspects of collective identities together to adolescents' well-being and are useful in pragmatic terms for improving and facilitating assets of individual and social/collective well-being and functioning of youth.

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“…Achieving a secure ethnic identity and strong feelings of pride in one's own ethnic group may buffer the negative impact of discrimination on one's psychological well-being (Martinez & Dukes, 1997). Identity formation (Cross, 1971(Cross, , 1991Phinney, Chavira, & Tate, 1993) appears to be a formidable theoretical framework to assess cultural life skills where group boundaries are perceived as impermeable.…”

Section: Lessons Learnedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Cultural Life Skills of American Indian Youth

Long

Downs

Gillette

et al. 2006

Child Youth Care Forum

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While the global United States society emphasizes independence and emancipation from parents and families as appropriate transition tasks for adolescents in foster care, American Indian communities tend to stress interdependence and continuing youth, family, and community connections. The purpose of this naturalistic collective case study is to describe cultural life skills needed by American Indian youth to leave foster care and successfully transition into adulthood. Three Northern Plains Native reservations and two urban Indian communities participated. The research team partnered with the American Indian gatekeepers, elders, youth, and professional staff in efforts to embrace qualitative methods, considered the best way to legitimate and liberate Native ways of knowing. Findings take into account the subtleties of vast diversities among America's First Nations' people and support the importance of positive cultural influences in youth identity development.

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The Effects of Ethnic Identity, Ethnicity, and Gender on Adolescent Well-Being

Cited by 278 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of Risk Factors and Cultural Assets on Latino Adolescents’ Trajectories of Self-Esteem and Internalizing Symptoms

Influence of Risk Factors and Cultural Assets on Latino Adolescents’ Trajectories of Self-Esteem and Internalizing Symptoms

Collective identity assets for psychological well-being in Slovene minority and Italian majority adolescents in Italy

Assessing Cultural Life Skills of American Indian Youth

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